2020 - 2021年加利福尼亚州圣克拉拉县按种族、族裔和亚裔群体划分的新冠病毒病例、死亡及疫苗接种情况差异
Disparities in COVID-19 Cases, Deaths, and Vaccination, by Race and Ethnicity and Asian Ethnic Groups, Santa Clara County, California, 2020-2021.
作者信息
Lin Wen, Swart Madeleine, Stoddard Pamela, Kelsey Kate, Sujeer Anandi, Hoover Christopher M, Enanoria Wayne
机构信息
County of Santa Clara Public Health Department, San Jose, CA, USA.
Center for Health Equity, Santa Clara Valley Healthcare, San Jose, CA, USA.
出版信息
Public Health Rep. 2025 Jan 24:333549241308165. doi: 10.1177/00333549241308165.
OBJECTIVES
Disaggregated data on Asian ethnic groups are needed to identify health disparities among Asian people. We examined COVID-19 incidence, deaths, and vaccinations among Asian ethnic groups in Santa Clara County, California.
METHODS
We extracted data on SARS-CoV-2 infections and COVID-19 vaccinations from December 15, 2020, through August 6, 2021, from the California Reportable Diseases Information Exchange and the California Immunization Registry. We assigned Asian ethnic group based on name for missing self-reported information. We calculated age-adjusted rates and rate ratios of infections and deaths and percentages of vaccinations by race and ethnicity and Asian ethnic group. We conducted multivariable logistic regression to examine factors associated with COVID-19 deaths.
RESULTS
Although Asian residents had the lowest rate of SARS-CoV-2 infections per 100 000 people (1801.9; 95% CI, 1771.5-1832.7) among all racial and ethnic groups, when disaggregated by Asian ethnicity, Filipino (3169.0; 95% CI, 3049.1-3292.4) and Vietnamese (3008.4; 95% CI, 2916.9-3102.1) residents had the highest age-adjusted rates. Asian (38.7; 95% CI, 33.7-44.3) and non-Hispanic White (42.3; 95% CI, 37.5-47.5) residents had the lowest rate of COVID-19 deaths compared with all other racial and ethnic groups; however, Filipino (67.6; 95% CI, 49.1-90.8) and Vietnamese (63.7; 97% CI, 48.9-81.6) residents had significantly higher rates than the aforementioned groups did. Among all racial and ethnic groups, Asian residents had the highest completion rate of primary COVID-19 vaccine series by August 6, 2021 (87.0%; 95% CI, 86.8%-87.3%). Within Asian ethnic groups, Filipino residents had the lowest vaccination rate (65.0%; 95% CI, 64.4%-65.6%).
CONCLUSIONS
Differences in COVID-19 incidence, deaths, and vaccinations among Asian ethnic groups highlight the importance of data collection of ethnic groups as a standard practice.
目的
需要亚洲族裔的分类数据来识别亚洲人群中的健康差异。我们研究了加利福尼亚州圣克拉拉县亚洲族裔群体中的新冠病毒病发病率、死亡率和疫苗接种情况。
方法
我们从加利福尼亚州法定传染病信息交换系统和加利福尼亚州免疫登记系统中提取了2020年12月15日至2021年8月6日期间关于严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）感染和新冠病毒病疫苗接种的数据。对于缺失自我报告信息的情况，我们根据姓名来确定亚洲族裔群体。我们计算了按种族、族裔和亚洲族裔群体划分的感染和死亡的年龄调整率及率比，以及疫苗接种百分比。我们进行了多变量逻辑回归分析，以研究与新冠病毒病死亡相关的因素。
结果
尽管在所有种族和族裔群体中，亚洲居民的SARS-CoV-2感染率最低，为每10万人中有1801.9例（95%置信区间，1771.5 - 1832.7），但按亚洲族裔细分时，菲律宾裔居民（3169.0例；95%置信区间，3049.1 - 3292.4）和越南裔居民（3008.4例；95%置信区间，2916.9 - 3102.1）的年龄调整率最高。与所有其他种族和族裔群体相比，亚洲居民（38.7例；95%置信区间，33.7 - 44.3）和非西班牙裔白人居民（42.3例；95%置信区间，37.5 - 47.5）的新冠病毒病死亡率最低；然而，菲律宾裔居民（67.6例；95%置信区间，49.1 - 90.8）和越南裔居民（63.7例；97%置信区间，48.9 - 81.6）的死亡率明显高于上述群体。在所有种族和族裔群体中，截至2021年8月6日，亚洲居民的新冠病毒病首剂疫苗系列完成率最高（87.0%；95%置信区间，86.8% - 87.3%）。在亚洲族裔群体中，菲律宾裔居民的疫苗接种率最低（65.0%；95%置信区间，64.4% - 65.6%）。
结论
亚洲族裔群体在新冠病毒病发病率、死亡率和疫苗接种方面的差异凸显了将族裔数据收集作为标准做法的重要性。
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