Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Jagathy, Trivandrum 695 014 Kerala, India.
Medical Materials Laboratory, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600 036 Tamil Nadu, India.
Biomed Mater. 2021 May 14;16(4). doi: 10.1088/1748-605X/abf7d5.
Bone cancer is a malignant tumor that originates in the bone and destroys the healthy bone tissues. Of the various types of bone tumors, osteosarcoma is the most commonly diagnosed primary bone malignancy. The standard treatment for primary malignant bone tumors comprises surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Owing to the lack of proven treatments, different forms of alternative therapeutic approaches have been examined in recent decades. Among the new therapeutic methodologies, nanotechnology-based anticancer therapy has paved the way for new targeted strategies for bone cancer treatment and bone regeneration. They include approaches such as the co-delivery of multiple drug cargoes, the enhancement of their biodistribution and transport properties, normalizing accumulation and the optimization of drug release profiles to overcome shortcomings of the existing therapy. This review examines the standard treatments for osteosarcoma, their lacunae, and the evolving therapeutic strategies based on nanocarrier-mediated combinational drug delivery systems, and future perspectives for osteosarcoma therapy.
骨癌是一种起源于骨并破坏健康骨组织的恶性肿瘤。在各种类型的骨肿瘤中，骨肉瘤是最常见的原发性骨恶性肿瘤。原发性恶性骨肿瘤的标准治疗包括手术、化疗和放疗。由于缺乏经过验证的治疗方法，近几十年来已经研究了不同形式的替代治疗方法。在新的治疗方法中，基于纳米技术的抗癌疗法为骨癌治疗和骨再生的新靶向策略铺平了道路。这些方法包括共递多种药物载药、增强其生物分布和转运特性、使积累正常化以及优化药物释放曲线等方法，以克服现有治疗方法的不足。本文综述了骨肉瘤的标准治疗方法、其不足之处，以及基于纳米载体介导的联合药物传递系统的不断发展的治疗策略，以及骨肉瘤治疗的未来展望。
