Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK.
The Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
BMC Fam Pract. 2021 Apr 14;22(1):73. doi: 10.1186/s12875-021-01399-8.
COVID-19 will cause normal feelings of worry and stress and many of those who experience higher levels of distress will experience resolution of their symptoms as society returns to pre-COVID-19 functioning. Only a minority are likely to develop a psychiatric disorder. Certain individuals may be vulnerable to experiencing persisting symptoms, such as those with pre-existing comorbidity. Management approaches could centre around using collaborative approaches to provide and build on already existing socioeconomic support structures, the avoidance of over-medicalisation, watchful waiting and finally treating those who do meet the criteria for psychiatric diagnosis. Primary care clinicians are likely be the first healthcare point of contact for most COVID-19 related distress and it is important that they are able to provide evidence based and evidence informed responses, which includes social, psychological and pharmacological approaches. This expert opinion paper serves to summarise some approaches, based primarily on indirect extrapolation of evidence concerning the general management of psychological distress, in the absence of COVID-19 specific evidence, to assist primary care clinicians in their assessment and management of COVID-19 related distress.
COVID-19 会引起正常的担忧和压力，许多经历更高程度困扰的人会随着社会恢复到 COVID-19 之前的状态而缓解症状。只有少数人可能会发展出精神障碍。某些人可能容易出现持续的症状，例如那些有预先存在的合并症的人。管理方法可以围绕使用协作方法提供和建立已经存在的社会经济支持结构，避免过度医疗化，观察等待，最后治疗那些符合精神诊断标准的人。初级保健临床医生可能是大多数 COVID-19 相关困扰的第一个医疗保健接触点，重要的是他们能够提供基于证据和循证的反应，包括社会、心理和药理学方法。本专家意见文件旨在总结一些方法，主要基于对一般心理困扰管理的证据的间接推断，在缺乏 COVID-19 具体证据的情况下，为初级保健临床医生评估和管理 COVID-19 相关困扰提供帮助。
