Burchell Andrew
Department of History, Institute of Advanced Study Early Career Fellow and Research Fellow, 'Cultural History of the NHS', University of Warwick.
Soc Hist Med. 2019 Oct 17;34(1):70-93. doi: 10.1093/shm/hkz097. eCollection 2021 Feb.
This article mobilises archival material from local authorities in England to assess the shifting role of psychologists within local school health services from the 1930s through to the reorganisation of the National Health Service (NHS) in 1974. It argues that psychologists were increasingly positioned between therapist, diagnostician and social worker, that this was bound together with a local discourse of children's emotional well-being and that the increasing fluidity of the psychologist's role emerged from local policies designed to stress the 'educational' nature of their role. In so doing, it extends work by John Stewart on child guidance and more long-standing histories of local, 'municipal' medical services. It suggests ways in which the older, localised provision of public health services in Britain persisted after the creation of the NHS and argues the need for a more flexible understanding of what was 'medical' about the local welfare state in this period.
本文调动了来自英国地方当局的档案材料，以评估从20世纪30年代到1974年国家医疗服务体系（NHS）重组期间，心理学家在地方学校健康服务中不断变化的角色。文章认为，心理学家越来越多地处于治疗师、诊断师和社会工作者之间的位置，这与关于儿童情感幸福的地方话语紧密相连，并且心理学家角色日益增加的流动性源于旨在强调其角色“教育性”的地方政策。通过这样做，它扩展了约翰·斯图尔特关于儿童指导的研究以及地方“市政”医疗服务更悠久的历史。它指出了在NHS创建后，英国旧有的、本地化的公共卫生服务提供方式持续存在的方式，并主张需要更灵活地理解这一时期地方福利国家中“医疗”的含义。
