Alaref Amer, Hassan Abdallah, Sharma Kandel Rajan, Mishra Rohi, Gautam Jeevan, Jahan Nusrat
Diagnostic Radiology, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA.
Diagnostic Radiology, Thunder Bay Regional Health Sciences Centre, Thunder Bay, CAN.
Cureus. 2021 Mar 12;13(3):e13854. doi: 10.7759/cureus.13854.
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy affecting women worldwide, and early diagnosis of breast cancer is the key to its successful and effective treatment. Traditional imaging techniques such as mammography and ultrasound are used to detect and configure breast abnormalities; unfortunately, these modalities have low sensitivity and specificity, particularly in young patients with dense breast tissue, breast implants, or post-surgical scar/architecture distortions. Therefore, breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been superior in the characterization and detection of breast cancer, especially that with invasive features. This review article explores the importance of breast MRI in the early detection of invasive breast cancer versus traditional tools, including mammography and ultrasound, while also analyzing the use of MRI as a screening tool for high-risk women. We will also discuss the different MRI features for invasive ductal carcinoma and lobular carcinoma and the role of breast MRI in the detection of ductal carcinoma in situ with a focus on the utilization of new techniques, including MR spectroscopy and diffusion-weighted imaging.
乳腺癌是全球影响女性的最常见恶性肿瘤，早期诊断是其成功有效治疗的关键。传统成像技术如乳腺X线摄影和超声用于检测和判断乳腺异常情况；不幸的是，这些方法敏感性和特异性较低，尤其是在乳腺组织致密、有乳房植入物或术后有瘢痕/结构扭曲的年轻患者中。因此，乳腺磁共振成像（MRI）在乳腺癌的特征描述和检测方面表现更优，尤其是对具有浸润性特征的乳腺癌。这篇综述文章探讨了乳腺MRI在浸润性乳腺癌早期检测中相对于传统工具（包括乳腺X线摄影和超声）的重要性，同时分析了MRI作为高危女性筛查工具的应用。我们还将讨论浸润性导管癌和小叶癌的不同MRI特征，以及乳腺MRI在原位导管癌检测中的作用，重点关注新技术（包括磁共振波谱和扩散加权成像）的应用。
