Salari Sofia, Amiri Mohammad Sadegh, Ramezani Mahin, Moghadam Ali Tafazoli, Elyasi Sepideh, Sahebkar Amirhossein, Emami Seyed Ahmad
Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Department of Biology, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2021;1308:403-449. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-64872-5_24.
Actaea racemosa (AR) also known as Cimicifuga racemosa, is a perennial plant from Ranunculaceae family which was used as traditional remedies in treatment of various condition like rheumatoid muscular pain, headache, inflammation and dysmenorrhea. Actaea racemosa was basically native to Canada and the Eastern United State. This chapter proposed the ethnopharmacological uses of Actaea racemosa, and its phytochemical properties. Specifically, in this article we focused on use of Actaea racemose for menopausal and post-menopausal symptoms management. Electronic databases including PubMed and Scopus were searched for studies on Actaea racemose and its administration in management of menopausal symptoms. Chem Office software was also used in order to find chemical structures. The key words used as search terms were Cimicifuga racemose, Actaea racemose, Ranunculaceae, Black cohosh, Menopausal symptoms. We have included all relevant animal and human studies up to the date of publication. The analysis on Actaea racemose showed various indications for different plant's extracts. Approximately 131 chemical compounds have been isolated and identified from Actaea racemosa. According to recently studies, the most important chemicals known of the Actaea racemosa are phenolic compounds, chromones, triterpenoids, nitrogen-containing constituents. In addition, in vivo and in vitro studies reported wide range of pharmacological activities for Black cohosh like attenuating menopausal symptoms. Mechanism of action for some ethnomedicinal indications were made clear while some of its activities are not confirmed by pharmacological studies yet. Further investigations on its pharmacological properties are necessary to expand its clinical effective use. Also, additional large clinical trials are recommended for clarifying the effect of Black cohosh.
总状升麻（AR），也被称为黑升麻，是毛茛科的一种多年生植物，曾被用作传统药物来治疗各种病症，如类风湿性肌肉疼痛、头痛、炎症和痛经。总状升麻原产于加拿大和美国东部。本章介绍了总状升麻的民族药理学用途及其植物化学特性。具体而言，在本文中，我们重点关注了总状升麻在管理更年期及绝经后症状方面的用途。我们检索了包括PubMed和Scopus在内的电子数据库，以查找有关总状升麻及其在管理更年期症状方面应用的研究。还使用了Chem Office软件来查找化学结构。用作搜索词的关键词有黑升麻、总状升麻、毛茛科、黑升麻、更年期症状。我们纳入了截至发表日期的所有相关动物和人体研究。对总状升麻的分析表明，不同植物提取物有多种适应症。已从总状升麻中分离并鉴定出约131种化合物。根据最近的研究，总状升麻中已知的最重要的化学成分是酚类化合物、色酮、三萜类化合物、含氮成分。此外，体内和体外研究报告了黑升麻具有广泛的药理活性，如减轻更年期症状。一些民族医学适应症的作用机制已明确，但其一些活性尚未得到药理学研究的证实。有必要对其药理特性进行进一步研究，以扩大其临床有效应用范围。此外，建议进行更多大型临床试验以阐明黑升麻的效果。
