Tao Chengzhe, Fan Yun, Niu Rui, Li Zhi, Qian Hong, Yu Hao, Xu Qiaoqiao, Xu Qiujin, Lu Chuncheng
State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2021 Apr 13;216:112215. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112215.
Evidences showed that polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) do harm to human body. However, the association between PAHs and sex hormones in children and adolescents remains unclear.
The study aims to investigate the associations between PAHs and sex hormones in the general children and adolescent population.
967 participants aged 6-19 with complete data of PAHs exposure biomarkers, covariates and sex hormones [total testosterone (TT), estradiol (E2) and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG)] were recruited from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2013-2016. Free androgen index (FAI) was calculated with TT/SHBG. Multivariate linear regression models were performed in six subgroups (male children, male adolescents, male late adolescents, female children, female adolescents and female late adolescents) to estimate the associations between sex hormone alterations and PAHs exposure.
In male puberty adolescents, weighted multivariate linear regression indicated that negative trends for 2-Hydroxynaphthalene, 1-Hydroxyphenanthrene, 2&3-Hydroxyphenanthrene and E2 (2-Hydroxynaphthalene: β: -0.104, 95%CI: -0.180, -0.029, P < 0.01; 1-Hydroxyphenanthrene: β: -0.112, 95%CI: -0.206, -0.018, P = 0.019; 2&3-Hydroxyphenanthrene: β: -0.125, 95%CI: -0.232, -0.018, P = 0.022), while exposure to 2-Hydroxynaphthalene was related to TT reduction (β: -0.099, 95%CI: -0.177, -0.020, P = 0.014). Same pattern between 2&3-Hydroxyphenanthrene and E2 alteration (2&3-Hydroxyphenanthrene: β: -0.139, 95%CI: -0.236, -0.041, P < 0.01) was also observed in male late adolescents. In male children, we determined that 1-Hydroxyphenanthrene was negatively associated with SHBG (β: -0.121, 95%CI: -0.205, -0.037, P < 0.01), while the same patterns were observed in male puberty children. We did not observe any significant result in female subgroups. All these results above were determined to have q value < 0.05.
PAHs exposure was associated with the alterations of sex hormones in male adolescents and children. Considering the cross-sectional study design, further large-scale epidemiological study is necessary.
有证据表明多环芳烃（PAHs）对人体有害。然而，PAHs与儿童和青少年性激素之间的关联仍不明确。
本研究旨在调查普通儿童和青少年人群中PAHs与性激素之间的关联。
从2013 - 2016年国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）中招募了967名年龄在6 - 19岁、具有PAHs暴露生物标志物、协变量和性激素[总睾酮（TT）、雌二醇（E2）和性激素结合球蛋白（SHBG）]完整数据的参与者。游离雄激素指数（FAI）通过TT/SHBG计算得出。在六个亚组（男童、男性青少年、男性晚期青少年、女童、女性青少年和女性晚期青少年）中进行多元线性回归模型，以估计性激素变化与PAHs暴露之间的关联。
在男性青春期青少年中，加权多元线性回归表明，2 - 羟基萘、1 - 羟基菲、2&3 - 羟基菲与E2呈负相关趋势（2 - 羟基萘：β： - 0.104，95%CI： - 0.180， - 0.029，P < 0.01；1 - 羟基菲：β： - 0.112，95%CI： - 0.206， - 0.018，P = 0.019；2&3 - 羟基菲：β： - 0.125，95%CI： - 0.232， - 0.018，P = 0.022），而暴露于2 - 羟基萘与TT降低有关（β： - 0.099，95%CI： - 0.177， - 0.020，P = 0.014）。在男性晚期青少年中也观察到2&3 - 羟基菲与E2变化之间的相同模式（2&3 - 羟基菲：β： - 0.139，95%CI： - 0.236， - 0.041，P < 0.01）。在男童中，我们确定1 - 羟基菲与SHBG呈负相关（β： - 0.121，95%CI： - 0.205， - 0.037，P < 0.01），在男性青春期儿童中也观察到相同模式。在女性亚组中未观察到任何显著结果。上述所有结果的q值均<0.05。
PAHs暴露与男性青少年和儿童的性激素变化有关。考虑到横断面研究设计，有必要进行进一步的大规模流行病学研究。
