Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2021 Sep;28(33):45155-45167. doi: 10.1007/s11356-021-13635-w. Epub 2021 Apr 16.
Chagan Lake is located in the high-fluorine area of western Jilin, with high fluoride content in surface water, soil, and groundwater around it. Due to its unique topography and hydrogeological conditions, Chagan Lake collects surrounding water and is closely connected with groundwater. The complex surrounding water not only affects the groundwater quality through Chagan Lake, but also affects groundwater through the infiltration of vadose zone. In order to further study the characteristics of the migration of F in the soil around Chagan Lake along with water flow in the vadose zone and its impact on groundwater, soil column experiments were carried out using soil collected in the field, combined with HYDRUS-1D to simulate the migration characteristics of F. The model was verified by measured data, the sensitivity of each parameter was analyzed by the single-factor disturbance method, and the effect of F on groundwater was simulated and predicted. The results showed that (1) the soil column experiment was carried out using transport solutions of different pH value. The time required for F to penetrate the soil column under alkaline conditions was shorter, and the HYDRUS model used has a high degree of fitting. (2) The single-factor disturbance method is used to analyze the sensitivity of the parameters. The parameters that have a greater impact on the migration of fluoride ions in the soil are saturated hydraulic conductivity, adsorption coefficient, and soil bulk density. (3) In the prediction scenario, due to the adsorption and interception of the vadose zone, as the depth increases, the time it takes for F to accumulate is also longer. The groundwater around Chagan Lake is relatively shallow, and surface F in alkaline environment reaches the underground aquifer within 2 days. The F concentration in the groundwater reaches its maximum before the end of the irrigation period. In neutral environment, the F concentration in groundwater did not reach the maximum before the end of the irrigation period.
查干湖位于吉林西部高氟区，其地表水体、土壤和地下水氟含量均较高。由于独特的地形和水文地质条件，查干湖集水周围的水，并与地下水紧密相连。复杂的周围水不仅通过查干湖影响地下水水质，还通过包气带的渗透影响地下水。为了进一步研究氟在查干湖周围土壤中随水流在包气带中的运移特征及其对地下水的影响，采用野外采集的土壤进行土柱实验，结合 HYDRUS-1D 模拟氟的运移特征。通过实测数据验证模型，采用单因素扰动量法分析各参数的敏感性，模拟和预测氟对地下水的影响。结果表明：（1）用不同 pH 值的运移溶液进行土柱实验，在碱性条件下氟穿透土柱所需的时间更短，所使用的 HYDRUS 模型拟合度较高。（2）采用单因素扰动量法分析参数的敏感性，对氟在土壤中迁移影响较大的参数是饱和导水率、吸附系数和土壤容重。（3）在预测情景中，由于包气带的吸附和截留作用，随着深度的增加，氟积累所需的时间也越长。查干湖周围的地下水较浅，碱性环境下地表氟在 2 天内到达地下含水层。在中性环境下，灌溉期结束前地下水氟浓度未达到最大值。
