Immunopathology Unit, Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany.
Immunopathology Unit, Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany.
Trends Immunol. 2021 May;42(5):389-400. doi: 10.1016/j.it.2021.03.007. Epub 2021 Apr 14.
Nutrition is essential for supplying an organism with sufficient energy to maintain its bodily functions. Apart from serving as an energy supply, the immunomodulatory effects of diet are emerging as a central aspect of human health. The latest evidence suggests that dietary restriction may play an important regulatory role by influencing the activation and effector functions of immune cells. However, depending on the context, nutrient restriction may have both pathogenic and beneficial effects. Here, we discuss the diverse roles of fasting programs, including ketogenesis in infection and chronic inflammation, aiming to clarify their detrimental and/or beneficial effects. Understanding these differences may help identify conditions under which dietary interventions might serve as putative effective approaches to treat various diseases.
营养对于为生物体提供维持身体功能所需的足够能量至关重要。除了作为能量供应之外，饮食的免疫调节作用正成为人类健康的一个核心方面。最新证据表明，通过影响免疫细胞的激活和效应功能，饮食限制可能发挥重要的调节作用。然而，取决于具体情况，营养限制可能既有致病性又有有益作用。在这里，我们讨论了禁食方案的多种作用，包括酮体生成在感染和慢性炎症中的作用，旨在阐明其有害和/或有益的影响。了解这些差异可能有助于确定在哪些情况下饮食干预可能成为治疗各种疾病的有效方法。
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