Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Front Immunol. 2021 Apr 1;12:659533. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.659533. eCollection 2021.
Phagocytosis is a receptor-mediated process used by cells to engulf a wide variety of particulates, including microorganisms and apoptotic cells. Many of the proteins involved in this highly orchestrated process are post-translationally modified with lipids as a means of regulating signal transduction, membrane remodeling, phagosome maturation and other immunomodulatory functions of phagocytes. -acylation, generally referred to as -palmitoylation, is the post-translational attachment of fatty acids to a cysteine residue exposed topologically to the cytosol. This modification is reversible due to the intrinsically labile thioester bond between the lipid and sulfur atom of cysteine, and thus lends itself to a variety of regulatory scenarios. Here we present an overview of a growing number of -acylated proteins known to regulate phagocytosis and phagosome biology in macrophages.
吞噬作用是细胞吞噬各种颗粒物质（包括微生物和凋亡细胞）的一种受体介导的过程。许多参与这一高度协调过程的蛋白质都被脂质进行了翻译后修饰，作为调节信号转导、膜重塑、吞噬体成熟和吞噬细胞其他免疫调节功能的一种手段。酰化，通常称为棕榈酰化，是脂肪酸与拓扑暴露于细胞质的半胱氨酸残基的翻译后连接。由于脂质和半胱氨酸硫原子之间的内在不稳定硫酯键，这种修饰是可逆的，因此适合多种调节情况。在这里，我们概述了越来越多的已知调节巨噬细胞吞噬作用和吞噬体生物学的被酰化蛋白质。
