Sandhu Sunny, Wang Timothy, Prajapati Devang
Department of Internal Medicine University of California Fresno California USA.
Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of California Fresno California USA.
JGH Open. 2021 Mar 1;5(4):528-530. doi: 10.1002/jgh3.12520. eCollection 2021 Apr.
Acute esophageal necrosis (AEN) is a rare presentation of severe esophageal injury. The optimal long-term management of complications related to AEN, particularly stricture formation, are not well defined. We report a case of AEN in a patient who presented with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and had dysphagia due to refractory stricture formation after mucosal healing occurred. A 62-year-old male with diabetes mellitus presented with altered mental status. He was admitted for hypovolemic shock secondary to DKA and treated with vasopressors, fluid resuscitation, and insulin. After resolution of DKA, he reported persistent dysphagia. Upper endoscopy showed circumferential black mucosal discoloration throughout the entire esophagus that spared the gastroesophageal junction. He was diagnosed with AEN and was continued on a proton pump inhibitor and sucralfate with improvement in symptoms. Repeat endoscopy 4 weeks later showed a 10-cm benign-appearing stricture in the mid esophagus. He underwent dilation with temporary symptomatic relief; however, recurrence in symptoms has thus far necessitated a total of 10 repeat upper endoscopies, including repeat dilations along with local steroid injection therapy. AEN is a rare presentation of severe esophageal injury and is typically associated with severe hemodynamic compromise. Although most cases resolve with supportive care and mucosal healing, there is little information regarding prognosis and optimal management of complications, such as refractory esophageal strictures. We describe a case of AEN complicated by refractory symptomatic esophageal stricture despite several dilations and intralesional steroid injections and discuss our approach to treatment.
急性食管坏死(AEN)是严重食管损伤的一种罕见表现。与AEN相关并发症的最佳长期管理,尤其是狭窄形成,目前尚无明确界定。我们报告一例AEN患者,该患者出现糖尿病酮症酸中毒(DKA),在黏膜愈合后因难治性狭窄形成而出现吞咽困难。一名62岁的糖尿病男性出现精神状态改变。他因DKA继发低血容量性休克入院,接受了血管加压药、液体复苏和胰岛素治疗。DKA缓解后,他报告持续存在吞咽困难。上消化道内镜检查显示整个食管出现环形黑色黏膜变色,胃食管交界处未受累。他被诊断为AEN,继续使用质子泵抑制剂和硫糖铝治疗,症状有所改善。4周后复查内镜显示食管中段有一个10厘米的良性外观狭窄。他接受了扩张治疗,症状暂时缓解;然而,症状复发至今需要总共进行10次重复上消化道内镜检查,包括重复扩张以及局部类固醇注射治疗。AEN是严重食管损伤的一种罕见表现,通常与严重的血流动力学损害有关。尽管大多数病例通过支持治疗和黏膜愈合得以解决,但关于并发症(如难治性食管狭窄)的预后和最佳管理的信息很少。我们描述了一例尽管进行了多次扩张和病灶内类固醇注射仍并发难治性症状性食管狭窄的AEN病例,并讨论了我们的治疗方法。
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