Huot Nicolas, Rascle Philippe, Tchitchek Nicolas, Wimmer Benedikt, Passaes Caroline, Contreras Vanessa, Desjardins Delphine, Stahl-Hennig Christiane, Le Grand Roger, Saez-Cirion Asier, Jacquelin Beatrice, Müller-Trutwin Michaela
Institut Pasteur, Unité HIV, Inflammation et Persistance, 28 rue du Dr Roux, Paris 75015, France.
Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.
iScience. 2021 Mar 15;24(4):102314. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102314. eCollection 2021 Apr 23.
Some viruses have established an equilibrium with their host. African green monkeys (AGM) display persistent high viral replication in the blood and intestine during Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection but resolve systemic inflammation after acute infection and lack intestinal immune or tissue damage during chronic infection. We show that NKG2 CD8 T cells increase in the blood and intestine of AGM in response to SIVagm infection in contrast to SIVmac infection in macaques, the latter modeling HIV infection. NKG2 CD8 T cells were not expanded in lymph nodes, and CXCR5NKG2 CD8 T cell frequencies further decreased after SIV infection. Genome-wide transcriptome analysis of NKG2 CD8 T cells from AGM revealed the expression of NK cell receptors, and of molecules with cytotoxic effector, gut homing, and immunoregulatory and gut barrier function, including CD73. NKG2 CD8 T cells correlated negatively with IL-23 in the intestine during SIVmac infection. The data suggest a potential regulatory role of NKG2 CD8 T cells in intestinal inflammation during SIV/HIV infections.
一些病毒已与其宿主建立了平衡。在感染猿猴免疫缺陷病毒（SIV）期间，非洲绿猴（AGM）的血液和肠道中呈现持续的高病毒复制，但在急性感染后可消除全身炎症，并且在慢性感染期间不存在肠道免疫或组织损伤。我们发现，与猕猴感染猴免疫缺陷病毒（SIVmac）（后者模拟HIV感染）不同，NKG2 CD8 T细胞在AGM感染SIVagm后，其在血液和肠道中的数量会增加。NKG2 CD8 T细胞在淋巴结中未扩增，并且在感染SIV后，CXCR5 NKG2 CD8 T细胞频率进一步降低。对来自AGM的NKG2 CD8 T细胞进行全基因组转录组分析，揭示了NK细胞受体以及具有细胞毒性效应、肠道归巢、免疫调节和肠道屏障功能的分子（包括CD73）的表达。在感染SIVmac期间，肠道中的NKG2 CD8 T细胞与IL-23呈负相关。这些数据表明，NKG2 CD8 T细胞在SIV/HIV感染期间对肠道炎症可能具有调节作用。
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