Fousekis Andreas, Fousekis Konstantinos, Fousekis Georgios, Manou Vasiliki, Michailidis Yiannis, Zelenitsas Charalambos, Metaxas Thomas
Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Laboratory of Evaluation of Human Biological Performance, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Department of Physiotherapy, Therapeutic Exercise and Sports Rehabilitation Laboratory, University of Patra, Patra, Greece.
J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2022 May;62(5):609-617. doi: 10.23736/S0022-4707.21.12281-9. Epub 2021 Apr 19.
The aim of this study was to compare the effects of two lower extremity strengthening programs using isoinertial resistance or free weights on amateur soccer players' physical performance indicators.
Thirty-five amateur soccer players (average age 22.6±5.1 years) were randomly assigned to isoinertial group (N.=11) or free-weight group (N.=11), or control group (N.=13). The groups performed two training sessions per week for six weeks. Before and after the strengthening implementation, physical performance indicators were evaluated, including the isokinetic knee extensors and flexors' strength, power, speed, and agility. The significance level was set at P<0.05.
The isoinertial training resistance led to an increase in the hamstrings' eccentric strength at 60°/s and 150°/s (P<0.05) compared to the free-weight resistance (P>0.05) and the controls (P>0.05). No other significant adaptations were observed in the other isokinetic strength, power, speed (10-m, P=0.052) and agility measurements (Illinois Agility Test, P=0.059). In ratio (knee flexors/knee extensors) the only differences observed were at 150°/s for isoinertial group (P<0.05).
Isoinertial resistance training during semisquatting can enhance the hamstrings' eccentric performance and the soccer players' speed and agility compared to the classic free-weight training program, which should consider when designing strength and injury prevention programs.
本研究旨在比较使用等惯性阻力或自由重量器械的两种下肢强化训练计划对业余足球运动员身体性能指标的影响。
35名业余足球运动员(平均年龄22.6±5.1岁)被随机分配到等惯性组(N = 11)、自由重量组(N = 11)或对照组(N = 13)。各组每周进行两次训练,共六周。在强化训练实施前后,评估身体性能指标,包括等速膝关节伸肌和屈肌的力量、功率、速度和敏捷性。显著性水平设定为P<0.05。
与自由重量阻力训练(P>0.05)和对照组(P>0.05)相比,等惯性训练阻力使腘绳肌在60°/秒和150°/秒时的离心力量增加(P<0.05)。在其他等速力量、功率、速度(10米,P = 0.052)和敏捷性测量(伊利诺伊敏捷性测试,P = 0.059)中未观察到其他显著变化。在比例(膝关节屈肌/膝关节伸肌)方面,仅在等惯性组150°/秒时观察到差异(P<0.05)。
与传统的自由重量训练计划相比,半蹲时的等惯性阻力训练可增强腘绳肌的离心性能以及足球运动员的速度和敏捷性,这在设计力量和预防损伤计划时应予以考虑。