补充ω-3脂肪酸对自闭症谱系障碍的非特异性影响：系统评价与荟萃分析。

Non-specific effect of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on autistic spectrum disorder: systematic review and meta-analysis.

作者信息

de Andrade Wobido Kelma, de Sá Barreto da Cunha Marcela, Miranda Samilly Silva, da Mota Santana Jerusa, da Silva Danielle Cristina Guimarães, Pereira Marcos

机构信息

Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Western Bahia, Barreiras, Brazil.

Institute of Collective Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia.

出版信息

Nutr Neurosci. 2022 Sep;25(9):1995-2007. doi: 10.1080/1028415X.2021.1913950. Epub 2021 Apr 19.

DOI:10.1080/1028415X.2021.1913950

PMID:33871323

Abstract

METHODS

We searched seven databases and found 13 eligible controlled trials that use omega-3 supplementation in children and adolescents with ASD. We collected details on study design, intervention time, supplement dosage, and the autism assessment scale. Meta-analyses and subgroup analysis were conducted according to the autism symptoms.

RESULTS

Omega-3 and omega-6 supplementation improved ASD symptoms according to the Aberrant Behavior Checklist (standard mean difference - SMD = -0.13; CI 95% = -0.34, -0.02). However, using subgroup analysis, we observed no efficacy in terms of improvements in hyperactivity (SMD = -0.03; CI 95%: -0.43, 0.36), irritability (SMD = -0.18; CI 95%: -0.51, 0.15), stereotypy (SMD = -0.03; CI 95%: -0.43, 0.36), inappropriate speech (SMD = -0.68; CI 95%: -1.49, 0.14), lethargy (SMD = -0.22; CI 95%: -0.58, 0.14), and social function (SMD = -0.71; IC 95%: -1.56, 0.14). W-3 and w-6 supplementation also showed no efficacy according to the Social Responsiveness Scale (SMD = 0.08; CI 95%: -0.23, 0.39). The adverse effects were classified as mild and equally distributed between the placebo and intervention groups.

CONCLUSIONS

Despite w-3 and w-6 supplementation showing minimal beneficial effects in the treatment of autism, the subgroup analyses indicated that there is a lack of evidence on the beneficial role of w-3 and w-6 in treating ASD.Systematic Review Registration: PROSPERO number CRD42020146116.

摘要

方法

我们检索了七个数据库，发现13项符合条件的对照试验，这些试验对患有自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的儿童和青少年使用ω-3补充剂。我们收集了关于研究设计、干预时间、补充剂剂量和自闭症评估量表的详细信息。根据自闭症症状进行荟萃分析和亚组分析。

结果

根据异常行为检查表，补充ω-3和ω-6可改善ASD症状（标准平均差 - SMD = -0.13；95%置信区间 = -0.34，-0.02）。然而，通过亚组分析，我们观察到在多动改善方面没有疗效（SMD = -0.03；95%置信区间：-0.43，0.36）、易怒（SMD = -0.18；95%置信区间：-0.51，0.15）、刻板行为（SMD = -0.03；95%置信区间：-0.43，0.36）、不适当言语（SMD = -0.68；95%置信区间：-1.49，0.14）、嗜睡（SMD = -0.22；95%置信区间：-0.58，0.14）和社交功能（SMD = -0.71；95%置信区间：-1.56，0.14）。根据社会反应量表，补充W-3和W-6也没有显示出疗效（SMD = 0.08；95%置信区间：-0.23，0.39）。不良反应被分类为轻度，且在安慰剂组和干预组之间分布均匀。