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重复的传播和密集的社区传播导致了华盛顿州的腮腺炎病毒爆发。

Repeated introductions and intensive community transmission fueled a mumps virus outbreak in Washington State.

机构信息

Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, United States.

Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, United States.

出版信息

Elife. 2021 Apr 19;10:e66448. doi: 10.7554/eLife.66448.

DOI:10.7554/eLife.66448
PMID:33871357
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8079146/
Abstract

In 2016/2017, Washington State experienced a mumps outbreak despite high childhood vaccination rates, with cases more frequently detected among school-aged children and members of the Marshallese community. We sequenced 166 mumps virus genomes collected in Washington and other US states, and traced mumps introductions and transmission within Washington. We uncover that mumps was introduced into Washington approximately 13 times, primarily from Arkansas, sparking multiple co-circulating transmission chains. Although age and vaccination status may have impacted transmission, our data set could not quantify their precise effects. Instead, the outbreak in Washington was overwhelmingly sustained by transmission within the Marshallese community. Our findings underscore the utility of genomic data to clarify epidemiologic factors driving transmission and pinpoint contact networks as critical for mumps transmission. These results imply that contact structures and historic disparities may leave populations at increased risk for respiratory virus disease even when a vaccine is effective and widely used.

摘要

2016/2017 年，尽管儿童疫苗接种率较高，但华盛顿州仍爆发了腮腺炎疫情，在校儿童和马绍尔社区成员中更频繁地发现病例。我们对在华盛顿州和美国其他州采集的 166 个腮腺炎病毒基因组进行了测序，并追溯了华盛顿州内的腮腺炎病毒输入和传播情况。我们发现，腮腺炎病毒大约有 13 次传入华盛顿州，主要来自阿肯色州，引发了多起同时传播的传播链。尽管年龄和疫苗接种状态可能影响了传播，但我们的数据集无法量化它们的确切影响。相反，华盛顿州的疫情主要由马绍尔社区内部的传播维持。我们的研究结果强调了基因组数据在阐明推动传播的流行病学因素以及确定接触网络作为腮腺炎传播关键方面的效用。这些结果表明，即使疫苗有效且广泛使用，接触结构和历史差异仍可能使某些人群面临呼吸道病毒疾病的风险增加。

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