2019 年 10 月至 2020 年 3 月期间荷兰 G 基因型腮腺炎病毒暴发：与多次传入有关的聚集性病例。

Outbreaks of mumps genotype G viruses in the Netherlands between October 2019 and March 2020: clusters associated with multiple introductions.

机构信息

Center for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands.

European Programme for Intervention Epidemiology Training (EPIET), European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), Stockholm, Sweden.

出版信息

BMC Infect Dis. 2021 Oct 4;21(1):1035. doi: 10.1186/s12879-021-06702-7.

DOI:10.1186/s12879-021-06702-7

PMID:34607555

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8488918/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

From October 2019-March 2020, several clusters of mumps cases were identified in the Netherlands. Our objective was to describe cluster-associated mumps virus transmission using epidemiological and molecular information in order to help future mumps outbreak investigation and control efforts.

METHODS

An epidemiological cluster includes ≥ 2 mumps cases with at least an epidemiological-link to a laboratory-confirmed mumps case. A molecular group includes ≥ 2 mumps cases with identical mumps virus sequences. Cases with symptom onset date between 1 October 2019 and 31 March 2020 reported through the National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System were included. We described epidemiological and clinical characteristics of mumps cases. Sequence data was obtained from selected regions of mumps virus genomes (2270 nucleotides). Associations between epidemiological and molecular information were investigated.

RESULTS

In total, 102 mumps cases were notified (90% laboratory-confirmed, 10% epidemiologically-linked). 71 out of 102 cases were identified as part of an epidemiological cluster and/or molecular group. Twenty-one (30%) of 71 cases were identified solely from epidemiological information, 25 (35%) solely from molecular surveillance, and 25 (35%) using both. Fourteen epidemiological clusters were identified containing a total of 46 (range: 2-12, median: 3) cases. Complete sequence data was obtained from 50 mumps genotype G viruses. Twelve molecular groups were identified containing 43 (range: 2-13) cases, dispersed geographically and timewise. Combined information grouped seven epidemiological clusters into two distinct molecular groups. The first lasting for 14 weeks, the other for 6. Additionally, one molecular group was detected, linked by geography and time but without an epidemiological-link.

CONCLUSIONS

Combined epidemiological and molecular information indicated ongoing mumps virus transmission from multiple introductions for extended time periods. Sequence analysis provided valuable insights into epidemiological clustering. If combined information is available in a timely manner, this would improve outbreak detection, generate further insight into mumps transmission, and guide necessary control measures.

摘要

背景

从 2019 年 10 月至 2020 年 3 月，荷兰发现了几起腮腺炎病例集群。我们的目标是利用流行病学和分子信息描述集群相关的腮腺炎病毒传播，以帮助未来的腮腺炎暴发调查和控制工作。

方法

一个流行病学集群包括至少有 2 例具有与实验室确诊腮腺炎病例至少有流行病学联系的腮腺炎病例。一个分子组包括至少有 2 例具有相同腮腺炎病毒序列的腮腺炎病例。发病日期在 2019 年 10 月 1 日至 2020 年 3 月 31 日之间，通过国家法定传染病监测系统报告的病例都包含在内。我们描述了腮腺炎病例的流行病学和临床特征。从腮腺炎病毒基因组的选定区域获得序列数据（2270 个核苷酸）。调查了流行病学和分子信息之间的关联。

结果

共报告了 102 例腮腺炎病例（90%为实验室确诊，10%为流行病学关联）。在 102 例病例中，有 71 例被确定为流行病学集群和/或分子组的一部分。21 例（30%）仅根据流行病学信息确定，25 例（35%）仅根据分子监测确定，25 例（35%）同时使用两种方法确定。确定了 14 个流行病学集群，共包含 46 例（范围：2-12，中位数：3）病例。从 50 例基因型 G 的腮腺炎病毒中获得了完整的序列数据。确定了 12 个分子组，共包含 43 例（范围：2-13）病例，在地理和时间上分布分散。综合信息将 7 个流行病学集群分为两个不同的分子组。第一个持续了 14 周，另一个持续了 6 周。此外，还发现了一个分子组，其通过地理位置和时间相关联，但没有流行病学联系。