Department of Process and Environmental Engineering, Opole University of Technology, 5 Mikołajczyka St, 45-271, Opole, Poland.
Department of Thermal Engineering and Industrial Facilities, Opole University of Technology, 5 Mikołajczyka St, 45-271, Opole, Poland.
J Environ Manage. 2021 Jul 15;290:112487. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112487. Epub 2021 Apr 16.
This paper presents the possibility of valorization of animal manure (camel and cow) by mixing it with agro-industrial biomass (cotton stalk and rapeseed oil cake) to produce pellets for use in power generation processes. Feedstocks were mixed in specific proportions based on certain assumptions concerning the energy and mechanical parameters of pellets. The assessment concerned both the combustion behavior as well as mechanical properties of four types of pellets derived from blends of animal manure and agro-industrial biomass. Thermogravimetry (TGA) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) techniques are applied to analyze the reaction areas, characteristic temperatures as well as heat flow rates of raw materials and their blends. Results showed that addition of agro-industrial biomass (even 10%) to animal manure changed the specific combustion parameters: initiation and burn-out temperature and combustion time. For blends of cow manure (COM) and rapeseed oil cake (ROC), a reduction in the initiation temperature was achieved compared to the combustion of raw cow manure, and the combustion time increased by 1/3. In the case of camel manure (CAM) with the addition of cotton stalk (CS) the burn-out temperature and combustion time decreased. The addition of agro-biomass also causes a change in the heat release profiles, for the blends no pronounced DSC peaks are obtained in the area of devolatilization as it happens animal manure alone and in the area of fixed carbon combustion as for cotton stalk and rapeseed oil cake. The heat released from camel manure blends was 9.2-9.3 kJ/kg and from cow manure blends 10.2-10.4 kJ/kg. An evaluation of the physical and mechanical properties showed that all types of pellets at a moisture content of 10-15% have a similar drop strength in the range of 80-85%, while this strength decreases to 40-60% after the pellets have absorbed water.
本文提出了通过将动物粪便（骆驼和牛）与农业生物质（棉秆和油菜籽饼）混合来生产用于发电过程的颗粒的动物粪便（骆驼和牛）的增值可能性。根据颗粒的能量和机械参数的某些假设，将原料按特定比例混合。评估涉及源自动物粪便和农业生物质混合物的四种类型颗粒的燃烧行为以及机械性能。热重分析（TGA）和差示扫描量热法（DSC）技术用于分析原材料及其混合物的反应区，特征温度和热流率。结果表明，向动物粪便中添加农业生物质（即使添加 10％）也会改变特定的燃烧参数：起始和燃尽温度以及燃烧时间。与原始牛粪便的燃烧相比，在牛粪便（COM）和油菜籽饼（ROC）的混合物中，起始温度降低，燃烧时间增加了 1/3。在添加棉秆（CS）的骆驼粪便（CAM）的情况下，燃尽温度和燃烧时间降低。添加农业生物质还会导致放热曲线的变化，对于混合物，在挥发区（如单独的动物粪便）和固定碳燃烧区（如棉秆和油菜籽饼）均未获得明显的 DSC 峰。从骆驼粪便混合物释放的热量为 9.2-9.3 kJ/kg，从牛粪便混合物释放的热量为 10.2-10.4 kJ/kg。对物理和机械性能的评估表明，所有类型的颗粒在 10-15％的水分含量下具有相似的跌落强度，在 80-85％的范围内，而在颗粒吸收水分后，该强度降低至 40-60％。
