Moyersoen Bernard, Beever Ross E, Martin Francis
Landcare Research, Private Bag 92170, Auckland, New Zealand.
UMR INRA/UHP 1136 1aM, Centre INRA de Nancy, F-54280, France.
New Phytol. 2003 Dec;160(3):569-579. doi: 10.1046/j.1469-8137.2003.00908.x. Epub 2003 Nov 6.
• Pisolithus is a common ectomycorrhizal (EcM) associate of prostrate kanuka Kunzea ericoides var. microflora (Myrtaceae) in New Zealand geothermal areas. Here, we report the genetic diversity and phylogeny of Pisolithus and interpret the results in relation to the origin of this fungus in New Zealand. • We determined the genetic variation of Pisolithus on the basis of ITS gene sequences and spore morphology. • We identified three Pisolithus species in New Zealand, each matching Australian species associated with eucalypts and acacias. All three species co-occurred locally in thermal areas, with two species sometimes colonizing root tips in the same soil volume, indicating co-occurrence of species on a smaller scale. • We propose that Pisolithus fungi were introduced to New Zealand from Australia by trans-Tasman airflow during recent geological times. The success of this long-distance dispersal of EcM fungi may be related to the capacity of kanuka to act as a 'nurse plant' for wind-blown spores.
• 硬皮马勃是新西兰地热区平卧卡努卡树（Kunzea ericoides var. microflora，桃金娘科）常见的外生菌根（EcM）共生菌。在此，我们报告硬皮马勃的遗传多样性和系统发育，并结合该真菌在新西兰的起源对结果进行解读。 • 我们基于ITS基因序列和孢子形态确定了硬皮马勃的遗传变异。 • 我们在新西兰鉴定出三种硬皮马勃，每种都与澳大利亚与桉属植物和金合欢属植物相关的物种匹配。所有这三个物种在当地的热区共同出现，其中两个物种有时会在同一土壤体积中的根尖上定殖，表明这些物种在较小规模上共同出现。 • 我们提出，在最近的地质时期，硬皮马勃真菌通过塔斯曼海气流从澳大利亚引入新西兰。这种外生菌根真菌远距离传播的成功可能与卡努卡树作为风吹孢子的“保育植物”的能力有关。
