Fink Siegfried
Botanisches Institut, Auf der Morgenstelle 1, D-7400 Tuebingen, Germany.
New Phytol. 1991 Sep;119(1):41-51. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.1991.tb01006.x.
The patterns of distribution of calcium oxalate crystals in spruce needles have been investigated in healthy needles and those subjected to either acid precipitation (ph 2.5) or various ozone fumigations. In the acid treatment, deposits of Ca oxalate were lacking in the outer walls of the epidermal cells. Under the impact of ozone, unusual complexes of Ca oxalate crystals embedded in a matrix of callose and cellulose projected from the walls inwards into the cells, filling the lumina of epidermal and hypodermal cells completely. In mesophyll cells, the complexes projected more or less from the walls into the vacuoles. In other cases, crystals appeared within the vacuoles of mesophyll cells. In dead cells, precipitates of Ca oxalate or phosphate apparently indicate destruction of the cytoplasm after a major influx of Ca . It is speculated, that the physiological significance of enhanced calcium leaching has been overestimated. With regard to ozone impact, it seems that the major problem of thereby enhanced membrane permeabilities may not be an increased efflux of mineral elements, but rather an increased influx of Ca into the symplast and subsequent disturbances in metabolism.
对云杉针叶中草酸钙晶体的分布模式进行了研究，研究对象包括健康针叶以及遭受酸沉降（pH 2.5）或各种臭氧熏蒸处理的针叶。在酸处理中，表皮细胞外壁缺乏草酸钙沉积物。在臭氧的影响下，嵌入胼胝质和纤维素基质中的异常草酸钙晶体复合物从细胞壁向内突出到细胞中，完全填充了表皮和皮下细胞的腔。在叶肉细胞中，复合物或多或少地从细胞壁突出到液泡中。在其他情况下，晶体出现在叶肉细胞的液泡内。在死细胞中，草酸钙或磷酸盐沉淀显然表明在大量钙流入后细胞质遭到破坏。据推测，钙淋溶增强的生理意义被高估了。关于臭氧的影响，由此增强的膜通透性的主要问题似乎可能不是矿质元素外流增加，而是钙更多地流入共质体以及随后的代谢紊乱。
