Agustian A, Mohammed C, Guillaumin J J, Botton B
Laboratoire de Biologie Forestière associéà I'INRA, Groupe de Mycologie et de Physiologic des Mycorhizes, Université de Nancy I, BP 239, 54506 Vandoeuvre-Les-Nancy Cédex, France.
Oxford Forestry Institute, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3RB, U.K.
New Phytol. 1994 Sep;128(1):135-143. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.1994.tb03996.x.
Ten Armillaria isolates, collected from various host plants and widespread geographical origins in tropical Africa, were cultivated on orange fragments in the presence of water and ran different culture media in order to optimize enzyme and mycelial cord production. Seven enzymes involved in the primary metabolism of nitrogen and carbon (glutamate dehydrogenases, aspartate aminotransferase, malate dehydrogenase, glucose n-phosphate dehydrogenase, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase and isocitrate dehydrogenase) were extracted from the mycelial cords and analyzed by polyacry lamide gel electrophoresis. Cluster analysis based on calculated similarity values derived from isozyme banding patterns separated the isolates into five groups. Two isolates considered as belonging to A. mellea ssp. africana (an African species closely related to European A. mellea) were present in a clearly Separated cluster when compared to the other isolate groups. Two Kenyan isolates, belonging to an as yet unnamed biological species, which were characterized by the production of few slow growing mycelial cords, were also found in a separate cluster with slightly greater similarity coefficients to the other isolates. The six other isolates, referred to as isolates of A. heimii (a highly variable species with different sexual systems) fell into three sub-clusters of variable homology. The two homothallic heimii isolates from Tanzania and Malawi, which were very closely related, displaying 100% isozyme similarity, exhibited a higher degree of similarity with the two other homothallic heimii isolates from Zimbabwe and Congo, than with the two heterothallic unifactorial heimii isolates from Cameroon and Gabon. The value of isozymes in the classification of African Armillaria spp. is discussed.
从热带非洲不同寄主植物和广泛地理区域收集的10株蜜环菌分离株，在有水的条件下于橙色碎片上培养，并使用不同的培养基，以优化酶和菌索的产生。从菌索中提取了参与氮和碳初级代谢的7种酶（谷氨酸脱氢酶、天冬氨酸转氨酶、苹果酸脱氢酶、葡萄糖磷酸脱氢酶、6-磷酸葡萄糖酸脱氢酶和异柠檬酸脱氢酶），并通过聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳进行分析。基于同工酶条带模式计算的相似性值进行的聚类分析将分离株分为5组。与其他分离株组相比，被认为属于非洲蜜环菌亚种（一种与欧洲蜜环菌密切相关的非洲物种）的2株分离株位于一个明显分开的聚类中。还发现了2株肯尼亚分离株，属于一个尚未命名的生物种，其特征是产生的生长缓慢的菌索较少，它们也位于一个单独的聚类中，与其他分离株的相似系数略高。其他6株分离株，被称为 heimii蜜环菌分离株（一种具有不同有性系统的高度可变物种），分为三个同源性可变的亚聚类。来自坦桑尼亚和马拉维的2株同宗配合的heimii分离株关系非常密切，同工酶相似性达100%，与来自津巴布韦和刚果的另外2株同宗配合的heimii分离株相比，与来自喀麦隆和加蓬的2株异宗配合的单因子heimii分离株的相似性更高。讨论了同工酶在非洲蜜环菌属分类中的价值。
