Karvonen J, Vuorimaa T
Department of Clinical Physiology, University of Umeå.
Sports Med. 1988 May;5(5):303-11. doi: 10.2165/00007256-198805050-00002.
Variations in heart rate during exercise correlate with changes of exercise intensity and may be measured directly by radiotelemetry and continuous ECG recording. The heart rate can also be recorded in the memory of a microcomputer, which can be carried on the wrist as easily as a watch. The device has a transmitter and a receiver. By recording the heart rate during a training session or a segment of training, and calculating the average of the heart rate and comparing this average to both the maximum heart rate of the individual and his heart rate at rest, the relative heart rate to the intensity of the work load (% maximum heart rate) can be calculated. These results are useful in planning optimal training intensities for both the healthy and rehabilitating athlete. The use of target heart rate as a tool for exercise prescription is common. It represents the percentage difference between resting and maximum heart rate added to the resting heart rate. For calculating target heart rate there are also 2 other methods. The first represents the percentage of the maximum heart rate (%HRmax) calculated from zero to peak heart rate. The second represents the heart rate at a specified percentage of maximum MET (VO2max). An appropriate individual heart rate for each level of an endurance performance is best determined in the laboratory. This is carried out by increasing the speed of the runner in stages on a treadmill and by measuring the oxygen uptake, the lactic acid concentration in the blood and corresponding variations in the heart rate.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
运动期间心率的变化与运动强度的改变相关，并且可以通过无线电遥测和连续心电图记录直接测量。心率也可以记录在微型计算机的存储器中，该微型计算机可以像手表一样轻松地戴在手腕上。该设备有一个发射器和一个接收器。通过记录训练期间或训练片段的心率，计算心率平均值，并将该平均值与个体的最大心率和静息心率进行比较，可以计算出相对于工作负荷强度的相对心率（最大心率百分比）。这些结果对于为健康运动员和康复运动员规划最佳训练强度很有用。使用目标心率作为运动处方工具很常见。它表示静息心率与最大心率之间的百分比差异加上静息心率。计算目标心率还有另外两种方法。第一种表示从零到峰值心率计算出的最大心率百分比（%HRmax）。第二种表示最大代谢当量（VO2max）指定百分比时的心率。耐力表现每个水平的合适个体心率最好在实验室中确定。这通过在跑步机上逐步提高跑步者的速度并测量摄氧量、血液中乳酸浓度以及相应的心率变化来进行。（摘要截选至250字）
