规则修改以减少高中男生长曲棍球中的检查相关伤害。
Rule Modifications to Reduce Checking-Related Injuries in High School Boys' Lacrosse.
机构信息
Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Shirley Ryan Ability Lab, Chicago, IL.
Sports Medicine Research Center, MedStar Sports Medicine Research Center, Baltimore, MD.
出版信息
J Athl Train. 2021 Apr 1;56(4):437-445. doi: 10.4085/1062-6050-0489.19.
CONTEXT
The National Federation of State High School Associations previously implemented 2 lacrosse rule modifications: Rule 5.4 in the 2012-2013 academic year to heighten the penalty for a head or neck hit to the head, face, or neck (HFN) and Rule 5.3.5 in the 2013-2014 academic year to minimize body checking.
OBJECTIVE
To determine if the rates of overall injury, HFN injuries, and concussions due to intentional contact (checking) differed for boys' high school lacrosse players after Rule 5.4 and 5.3.5 modifications were enacted.
DESIGN
Descriptive epidemiology study.
SETTING
Web-based online surveillance system.
PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS
Boys' high school lacrosse players during the 2008-2009 to 2016-2017 seasons whose teams involved athletic trainers participating in the High School Reporting Information Online sports injury-surveillance system.
INTERVENTION(S): Rule 5.4 in the 2012-2013 academic year increased the penalty for any intentional hits to the HFN, and Rule 5.3.5 in the 2013-2014 year eliminated body checking to a player in a defenseless position.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Overall, HFN, and concussion injury rate ratios (IRRs) by checking mechanism; overall and checking-related injury ratios by competitions and practices.
RESULTS
A decrease was shown in checking-related HFN injuries (IRR = 0.29, 95% CI = 0.13, 0.65) and checking-related concussions (IRR = 0.29, 95% CI = 0.12, 0.70) during practices in the seasons after both rule modifications were imposed, but no decreases occurred in any checking-related injuries during competitions. By injury mechanism, no decreases were evident after the Rule 5.4 modification. When both rule modifications (Rules 5.4 and 5.3.5) were enacted together, concussion rates due to delivering body checks (IRR = 0.51, 95% CI = 0.29, 0.91) and overall injury risk due to being body checked (IRR = 0.72, 95% CI = 0.53, 0.97) decreased.
CONCLUSIONS
When both Rule 5.4 and 5.3.5 modifications were in effect, concussion and overall injury risks decreased for the body checker and the player being body checked, respectively.
背景
国家高中体育协会联合会之前对 2 项曲棍球规则进行了修改：2012-2013 学年的规则 5.4 提高了头部、颈部或喉咙（HFN）的头部或颈部撞击的处罚力度，2013-2014 学年的规则 5.3.5 减少了身体检查。
目的
确定在实施规则 5.4 和 5.3.5 修正案后，男孩高中曲棍球运动员的总体受伤、HFN 受伤和因故意接触（检查）导致的脑震荡率是否有所不同。
设计
描述性流行病学研究。
设置
基于网络的在线监测系统。
患者或其他参与者
2008-2009 至 2016-2017 赛季参与运动训练员参与高校报告信息在线运动伤害监测系统的男孩高中曲棍球运动员。
干预措施
2012-2013 学年的规则 5.4 增加了对任何故意 HFN 撞击的处罚，2013-2014 年的规则 5.3.5 消除了对处于无防御状态的球员的身体检查。
主要观察指标
检查机制的总体、HFN 和脑震荡损伤率比（IRR）；比赛和练习中的整体和检查相关损伤比。
结果
在两个规则修改实施后的赛季中，练习中检查相关的 HFN 损伤（IRR = 0.29，95%CI = 0.13，0.65）和检查相关的脑震荡（IRR = 0.29，95%CI = 0.12，0.70）减少，但在比赛中没有任何检查相关的伤害减少。按损伤机制，规则 5.4 修订后没有明显减少。当同时实施规则 5.4 和 5.3.5 两项修订时，因实施身体检查而导致的脑震荡发生率（IRR = 0.51，95%CI = 0.29，0.91）和因被身体检查而导致的整体受伤风险（IRR = 0.72，95%CI = 0.53，0.97）降低。
结论
当同时实施规则 5.4 和 5.3.5 两项修订时，分别对实施身体检查的人和被身体检查的人，脑震荡和整体受伤风险都降低了。
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