Choksey Lara
Wellcome Centre for Cultures and Environments of Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
Med Humanit. 2021 Apr 20;47(2):145-55. doi: 10.1136/medhum-2020-012061.
This article considers processes of environmental racialisation in the postgenomic era through their politics of difference and poetics of influence. Subfields like epigenetics promise to account for a plurality of possible influences on health outcomes. While this appears to present possibilities for historical reparation to communities whose epigenomes may have been chronically altered by histories of violence and trauma, the prevailing trend has been to compound processes of racialisation in the reproduction of good/bad environments. The postgenomic era has promised an epistemological transformation of ideas and values of human life, but its practices, technologies and ideology have so far prevented this. Epigenetics, rather, reproduces biomedical exclusions through imaginaries of embodied contexts, methods of occlusion and hypervisibility, and assignations of delay and deviance. This is more complex than both genetic reductionism and environmental racism: studies on epigenetics reveal a poetics of influence at work under liberal humanism complicit in the creation of death-worlds for racialised populations. Other experiments with life are possible and unfolding: Jay Bernard's poem 'Chemical', set in the aftermath of London's Grenfell Tower fire in 2017, unmoors its bodies from material environment, offering a spectral configuration of collective life. This configuration involves negotiating with the fixing of time and space on which genomic imaginaries depend.
本文通过后基因组时代环境种族化的差异政治和影响诗学来探讨这些过程。表观遗传学等子领域有望解释对健康结果的多种可能影响。虽然这似乎为那些表观基因组可能因暴力和创伤历史而长期改变的社区提供了历史赔偿的可能性,但普遍趋势是在良好/恶劣环境的再生产中加剧种族化过程。后基因组时代承诺对人类生命的观念和价值观进行认识论转变,但其实践、技术和意识形态迄今为止阻碍了这一点。相反,表观遗传学通过体现情境的想象、遮蔽和过度可见性的方法以及延迟和偏差的归因来再现生物医学排斥。这比基因还原论和环境种族主义都更复杂:表观遗传学研究揭示了一种在自由人文主义下运作的影响诗学,它与为种族化人群创造死亡世界同谋。其他生命实验是可能的且正在展开:杰伊·伯纳德的诗《化学》以2017年伦敦格伦费尔塔火灾为背景,将其身体从物质环境中解脱出来,呈现出集体生活的幽灵形态。这种形态涉及与基因组想象所依赖的时间和空间的固定进行协商。