社交媒体上的机器人与错误信息传播：对新冠疫情的影响
Bots and Misinformation Spread on Social Media: Implications for COVID-19.
作者信息
Himelein-Wachowiak McKenzie, Giorgi Salvatore, Devoto Amanda, Rahman Muhammad, Ungar Lyle, Schwartz H Andrew, Epstein David H, Leggio Lorenzo, Curtis Brenda
机构信息
Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Baltimore, MD, United States.
Department of Computer and Information Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
出版信息
J Med Internet Res. 2021 May 20;23(5):e26933. doi: 10.2196/26933.
As of March 2021, the SARS-CoV-2 virus has been responsible for over 115 million cases of COVID-19 worldwide, resulting in over 2.5 million deaths. As the virus spread exponentially, so did its media coverage, resulting in a proliferation of conflicting information on social media platforms-a so-called "infodemic." In this viewpoint, we survey past literature investigating the role of automated accounts, or "bots," in spreading such misinformation, drawing connections to the COVID-19 pandemic. We also review strategies used by bots to spread (mis)information and examine the potential origins of bots. We conclude by conducting and presenting a secondary analysis of data sets of known bots in which we find that up to 66% of bots are discussing COVID-19. The proliferation of COVID-19 (mis)information by bots, coupled with human susceptibility to believing and sharing misinformation, may well impact the course of the pandemic.
截至2021年3月，严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）已在全球导致超过1.15亿例冠状病毒病（COVID-19）病例，造成超过250万人死亡。随着病毒呈指数级传播，其在媒体上的报道也如此，导致社交媒体平台上出现了大量相互矛盾的信息——即所谓的“信息疫情”。在本文观点中，我们调查了以往研究自动账户（即“机器人程序”）在传播此类错误信息中所起作用的文献，并将其与COVID-19大流行联系起来。我们还回顾了机器人程序传播（错误）信息所采用的策略，并研究了机器人程序的潜在来源。最后，我们对已知机器人程序的数据集进行并展示了二次分析，发现高达66%的机器人程序在讨论COVID-19。机器人程序传播COVID-19（错误）信息，再加上人类容易相信和分享错误信息，很可能会影响大流行的进程。
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