Institute For Skeletal Aging and Orthopedic Surgery, Hallym University-Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon, 200704, Republic of Korea.
Department of Biotechnology, Adamas University, North, 24 Parganas, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700126, India.
Genes Genomics. 2021 Jul;43(7):759-773. doi: 10.1007/s13258-021-01089-w. Epub 2021 Apr 21.
Currently, Tigers (the top predator of an ecosystem) are on the list of endangered species. Thus the need is to understand the tiger's population genomics to design their conservation strategies.
We analyzed the molecular evolution of tiger diversity using NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4 (ND4), a significant electron transport chain component.
We have analyzed nucleotide composition and distribution pattern of ND genes, molecular evolution, evolutionary conservation pattern and conserved blocks of NADH, phylogenomics of ND4, and estimating species divergence, etc., using different bioinformatics tools and software, and MATLAB programming and computing environment.
The nucleotide composition and distribution pattern of ND genes in the tiger genome demonstrated an increase in the number of adenine (A) and a lower trend of A+T content in some place of the distribution analysis. However, the observed distributions were not significant (P > 0.05). Evolutionary conservation analysis showed three highly align blocks (186 to 198, 406 to 416, and 527 to 545). On mapping the molecular evolution of ND4 among model species (n = 30), we observed its presence in a broader range of species. ND4 based molecular evolution of tiger diversity and time divergence for a tiger (20 different other species) shows that genus Panthera originated more or less at a similar time.
The nucleotide composition and nucleotide distribution pattern of tiger ND genes showed the evolutionary pattern and origin of tiger and Panthera lineage concerning the molecular clock, which will help to understand their adaptive evolution.
目前，老虎（生态系统中的顶级掠食者）已被列入濒危物种名单。因此，有必要了解老虎的种群基因组学，以制定保护策略。
我们使用 NADH 脱氢酶亚单位 4（ND4）分析了老虎多样性的分子进化，这是一个重要的电子传递链成分。
我们分析了 ND 基因的核苷酸组成和分布模式、分子进化、进化保守模式和 NADH 的保守块、ND4 的系统发育组学以及估计物种分歧等，使用了不同的生物信息学工具和软件，以及 MATLAB 编程和计算环境。
老虎基因组中 ND 基因的核苷酸组成和分布模式表明腺嘌呤（A）的数量增加，在分布分析的某些位置呈 A+T 含量下降的趋势。然而，观察到的分布并不显著（P > 0.05）。进化保守性分析显示有三个高度对齐的块（186 到 198、406 到 416 和 527 到 545）。在对模型物种（n = 30）的 ND4 分子进化进行映射时，我们观察到它存在于更广泛的物种中。老虎多样性的 ND4 分子进化和老虎（20 种不同的其他物种）的时间分歧表明，豹属起源于大致相同的时间。
老虎 ND 基因的核苷酸组成和核苷酸分布模式显示了老虎和豹属谱系的进化模式和起源，涉及分子钟，这将有助于理解它们的适应性进化。
