Ward J W, Kleinman S H, Douglas D K, Grindon A J, Holmberg S D
Centers for Disease Control, Center For Infectious Diseases AIDS Program, Atlanta, Georgia.
Transfusion. 1988 Jul-Aug;28(4):298-301. doi: 10.1046/j.1537-2995.1988.28488265252.x.
From March 1985 through July 1986, blood donors who were positive for antibody to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) were evaluated at three major blood centers in the United States. Of 818,629 donations, 450 (0.05%) were HIV antibody-positive. The seroprevalence decreased from 0.07 to 0.04 percent during the study period, due perhaps to a decline in repeat donors. HIV-seropositive donors tended to be 20 to 29 years old (52%) and male (88%). HIV seroprevalence among white donors (2/10,000 donations) was less than that among Hispanic (9/10,000; p less than 0.0001) and black donors (31/10,000; p less than 0.0001). Of 152 seropositive men interviewed, 77 percent reported sexual contact with men; of this latter group, 53 percent were bisexual. Fifteen (44%) of 34 seropositive women had apparently acquired infection from heterosexual contact, and an equal number denied having any known risk factors for HIV infection. Educational efforts must address women and bisexual men who do not perceive themselves to be at risk for HIV infection and should be specifically designed for the mores of different racial and ethnic groups.
1985年3月至1986年7月期间，在美国三个主要血液中心对人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）抗体呈阳性的献血者进行了评估。在818,629次献血中，450次（0.05%）HIV抗体呈阳性。在研究期间，血清阳性率从0.07%降至0.04%，这可能是由于重复献血者数量减少所致。HIV血清阳性的献血者往往年龄在20至29岁之间（52%），且为男性（88%）。白人献血者中的HIV血清阳性率（2/10,000次献血）低于西班牙裔（9/10,000；p<0.0001）和黑人献血者（31/10,000；p<0.0001）。在接受访谈的152名血清阳性男性中，77%报告有与男性的性接触；在这后一组中，53%为双性恋者。34名血清阳性女性中有15名（44%）显然是通过异性接触感染的，同样数量的女性否认有任何已知的HIV感染风险因素。教育工作必须针对那些不认为自己有感染HIV风险的女性和双性恋男性，并且应该根据不同种族和族裔群体的习俗专门设计。
