Social Determinants on Oral Health Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
Private Practice, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent. 2021 Jan-Mar;39(1):29-35. doi: 10.4103/jisppd.jisppd_9_21.
Preventive orthodontic treatments are performed in the primary or mixed dentition period and provide a proper development of occlusion to avoid dentofacial anomalies.
This study aims to evaluate the Baby-Risk of Malocclusion Assessment Index (ROMA) index regarding ease of use, reproducibility, and the epidemiological assessment of major orthodontic problems in children aged 4-6-year-old in Kerman (Iran) kindergartens.
This cross-sectional study was conducted on 1000 children aged 4-6 in Kerman (Iran) kindergartens, selected by cluster sampling, and data were collected using the Baby-ROMA index.
After recording a demographic data collection form, the clinical examination of the teeth was carried out by a dental student. The data were analyzed with SPSS 18 using t-test, analysis of variance, Chi-squared test, and Mann-Whitney test at a significance level of P < 0.05.
In this study, the most common cause of malocclusion was dental caries (7.5%), followed by crossbite (6.1%). Furthermore, 31.6% of the subjects had one type of malocclusion, and 20.5% needed monitoring the occlusion before the growth spurt, while 11.1% needed immediate orthodontic treatment (mostly 6-year-old children). Moreover, 15.3% of the subjects had systemic problems; 3.4% had craniofacial, 22% had dental, and 2% had functional problems. The prevalence of class I canine relationship in the right canines was 82.32%, with 82.5% on the left side. The prevalence of open bite was higher in females with thumb-sucking habit.
The Baby-ROMA index presented good reliability and ease of use for evaluating early orthodontic treatment needs in primary and mixed dentition periods.
预防性正畸治疗在乳牙期和混合牙列期进行，可促进正常的咬合发育，避免牙颌面畸形。
本研究旨在评估婴儿错合风险评估指数（ROMA）在德黑兰（伊朗）幼儿园 4-6 岁儿童中的易用性、可重复性以及主要正畸问题的流行病学评估。
这是一项横断面研究，对德黑兰（伊朗）幼儿园 1000 名 4-6 岁儿童进行了研究，采用整群抽样法选择研究对象，并使用婴儿-ROMA 指数收集数据。
在记录人口统计学数据收集表后，由一名牙科学生进行牙齿临床检查。使用 SPSS 18 软件对数据进行分析，采用 t 检验、方差分析、卡方检验和曼-惠特尼检验，显著性水平 P<0.05。
在这项研究中，错合的最常见原因是龋齿（7.5%），其次是反合（6.1%）。此外，31.6%的受试者有单一类型的错合，20.5%需要在生长突增前监测咬合，而 11.1%需要立即进行正畸治疗（主要是 6 岁儿童）。此外，15.3%的受试者有全身问题；3.4%有颅面问题，22%有牙齿问题，2%有功能问题。右侧尖牙的 I 类犬牙关系的患病率为 82.32%，左侧为 82.5%。有吸吮拇指习惯的女性前牙开颌的患病率较高。
婴儿-ROMA 指数在评估乳牙期和混合牙列期早期正畸治疗需求方面具有良好的可靠性和易用性。
