Siff Thomas, Parajuli Parash, Razzaque Mohammed S, Atfi Azeddine
Cellular and Molecular Pathogenesis Division, Department of Pathology and Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.
Department of Pathology, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Erie, PA 16509, USA.
Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2021 Jun;32(6):382-402. doi: 10.1016/j.tem.2021.03.007. Epub 2021 Apr 19.
Muscle cachexia has a major detrimental impact on cancer patients, being responsible for 30% of all cancer deaths. It is characterized by a debilitating loss in muscle mass and function, which ultimately deteriorates patients' quality of life and dampens therapeutic treatment efficacy. Muscle cachexia stems from widespread alterations in whole-body metabolism as well as immunity and neuroendocrine functions and these global defects often culminate in aberrant signaling within skeletal muscle, causing muscle protein breakdown and attendant muscle atrophy. This review summarizes recent landmark discoveries that significantly enhance our understanding of the molecular etiology of cancer-driven muscle cachexia and further discuss emerging therapeutic approaches seeking to simultaneously target those newly discovered mechanisms to efficiently curb this lethal syndrome.
肌肉恶病质对癌症患者有重大的不利影响，占所有癌症死亡人数的30%。其特征是肌肉质量和功能的衰弱性丧失，最终会恶化患者的生活质量并降低治疗效果。肌肉恶病质源于全身代谢以及免疫和神经内分泌功能的广泛改变，这些全身性缺陷常常导致骨骼肌内的异常信号传导，引起肌肉蛋白分解和随之而来的肌肉萎缩。本综述总结了近期具有里程碑意义的发现，这些发现显著增进了我们对癌症驱动的肌肉恶病质分子病因的理解，并进一步讨论了旨在同时针对那些新发现的机制以有效遏制这种致命综合征的新兴治疗方法。
