尼日利亚乌约地区初治的人类免疫缺陷病毒血清阳性患者的社会人口统计学和临床特征：人口统计学正在发生变化吗？

Sociodemographic and Clinical Characteristics of Highly Active Antiretroviral Treatment-Naïve Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Seropositive Patients in Uyo, Nigeria: Are the Demographics Changing?

作者信息

Ubani Blessing Chinenye, Nga Charles Nnamdi, Okafor Christian Ifedili, Ekrikpo Udeme Ekpenyong, Ekott John Udo, Essien Okon Ekwere

机构信息

Department of Internal Medicine, University of Uyo Teaching Hospital, University of Uyo, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria.

Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, University of Nigeria, Enugu State, Nigeria.

出版信息

Niger Med J. 2020 Nov-Dec;61(6):345-350. doi: 10.4103/nmj.NMJ_153_20. Epub 2020 Dec 19.

DOI:10.4103/nmj.NMJ_153_20

PMID:33888933

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8040940/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection poses a great health and economic burden, especially in developing nations where a high burden of disease has been described. A previous study in Uyo shows that some characteristics associated with a higher prevalence of HIV infection include female gender, exposure to tertiary level of education, and late disease presentation. This study aimed at determining the sociodemographic and the clinical characteristics of highly active antiretroviral treatment-naïve (HAART-naïve) HIV-seropositive patients at Uyo, Nigeria.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

This was a cross-sectional comparative study of 210 respondents, composed of 105 HAART-naïve HIV-seropositive patients (subjects) and an equal number of sex- and age-matched HIV-negative individuals (controls). Data were collected using pretested interviewer-administered questionnaires and hospital records. Anthropometry and blood pressure (BP) were measured for all the respondents, while clinical and immunologic staging were done for subjects. Data obtained were analyzed using SPSS v 20. ≤ 0.05 was taken as statistically significant.

RESULTS

The mean age of the respondents was 34.5 ± 9.2 years, and the male-to-female ratio was 1:2.3, with no difference between the subjects and controls ( = 0.880 for age and = 0.943 for gender). Mean body mass index and mean diastolic BP were significantly lower in the subjects ( < 0.001 and 0.037, respectively). Female gender, secondary level of educational attainment, and unskilled employment were significantly associated with HIV infection. Majority of the respondents presented in clinical Stage 1 or 2 disease, with CD4 count >350 cells/ml.

CONCLUSION

The burden of HIV infection is higher in females and in those with sociodemographic characteristics suggestive of lower socioeconomic status, however, majority of these appeared to present in early disease.

摘要

背景

人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染带来了巨大的健康和经济负担，尤其是在那些已被描述为疾病负担沉重的发展中国家。先前在乌约进行的一项研究表明，与HIV感染较高患病率相关的一些特征包括女性性别、接受高等教育以及疾病呈现较晚。本研究旨在确定尼日利亚乌约地区未接受过高效抗逆转录病毒治疗（HAART）的HIV血清阳性患者的社会人口统计学和临床特征。

材料与方法

这是一项对210名受访者的横断面比较研究，由105名未接受过HAART的HIV血清阳性患者（研究对象）和数量相等的性别及年龄匹配的HIV阴性个体（对照）组成。数据通过预先测试的访谈式问卷和医院记录收集。对所有受访者进行人体测量和血压测量，对研究对象进行临床和免疫分期。使用SPSS v 20对获得的数据进行分析。P≤0.05被视为具有统计学意义。

结果

受访者的平均年龄为34.5±9.2岁，男女比例为1:2.3，研究对象与对照之间无差异（年龄P = 0.880，性别P = 0.943）。研究对象的平均体重指数和平均舒张压显著较低（分别为P<0.001和0.037）。女性性别、中等教育程度和非技术工作与HIV感染显著相关。大多数受访者处于临床1期或2期疾病，CD4细胞计数>350个/毫升。