Ali-Gombe Musa, Mustapha Muhammad Inuwa, Folasire Ayorinde, Ntekim Atara, Campbell Oladapo Babatunde
Department of Radiology, College of Medical Sciences, Gombe State University, P.M.B 127, Gombe, Nigeria.
Department of Radiology, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, P.M.B 3452, Kano, Nigeria.
Ecancermedicalscience. 2021 Feb 25;15:1192. doi: 10.3332/ecancer.2021.1192. eCollection 2021.
Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women in both developed and developing nations. The survival of breast cancer is increasing in developed countries with improved treatment modalities, while still very poor in developing countries. In Nigeria, few breast cancer survival data are available.
This is a retrospective cross-sectional study.
To determine the survival of breast cancer patients and possible factors influencing it.
Socio-demographic and clinical variables from treatment records and case notes of breast cancer patients treated from 1 January 2004 to 31 December 2008 at the Department of Radiation Oncology, University College Hospital, Ibadan. The status of patients was determined at 2 and 5 years after diagnosis. The survival of patients with breast cancer was compared using Log Rank test according to socio-demographic and clinical variables. The median survival times were obtained from the Kaplan-Meier survival curve. Cox's proportional hazard model was fitted for those that were statistically significant in the Log Rank test. Missing data were reported as unknown, not documented or missing.
A total of 378 patients were analysed. Age ranged between 22.0 and 87.0 years with mean of 47.6 (standard deviation (SD) = 11.2) years. Almost all patients were females (98.4%). More than half (55.3%) presented at stage III, 28.0% had metastasis and the stage was unknown in about 6.6% of the patients. Invasive ductal carcinoma was the most prevalent histology (89.2%). Only 124 (32.8%) patients had their histological grade stated and most of the patients had no immunohistochemistry done. All the patients had radiotherapy, chemotherapy and surgery. About 25.1% of the patients were lost to follow up. The 2- and 5-year survival rates were 56.4% and 37.6%, respectively. The 2- and 5-year survival rates according to stage were stage I (80.0% and 66.7%), stage II (67.7% and 57.6%), stage III (51.4% and 27.9%) and stage IV (37.9% and 13.8%). Median survival time was 41 months (95%CI = 35.0-44.0). The disease-free survival at 2 and 5 years was 66.6% and 60.3%, respectively. Median time for recurrence was 8.0 months. Level of education, height, tumour unilaterality, clinical tumour size, stage at presentation, presence of distant metastases, clinical axillary lymph node metastasis, supraclavicular node metastasis, mode of surgery and axillary clearance were found to have statistically significant association with survival.
A large number of the patients in our study presented at a young age, late with advanced stage disease which results in poor survival outcome.
在发达国家和发展中国家，乳腺癌都是女性中最常见的癌症。在发达国家，随着治疗方式的改进，乳腺癌患者的生存率在提高，而在发展中国家，生存率仍然很低。在尼日利亚，几乎没有乳腺癌生存数据。
这是一项回顾性横断面研究。
确定乳腺癌患者的生存率以及影响生存率的可能因素。
收集2004年1月1日至2008年12月31日在伊巴丹大学学院医院放射肿瘤学系接受治疗的乳腺癌患者的治疗记录和病例中的社会人口统计学和临床变量。在诊断后2年和5年确定患者的状态。根据社会人口统计学和临床变量，使用对数秩检验比较乳腺癌患者的生存率。中位生存时间从Kaplan-Meier生存曲线获得。对在对数秩检验中有统计学意义的因素拟合Cox比例风险模型。缺失数据报告为未知、未记录或缺失。
共分析了378例患者。年龄在22.0至87.0岁之间，平均年龄为47.6岁（标准差（SD）=11.2岁）。几乎所有患者为女性（98.4%）。超过一半（55.3%）的患者就诊时为III期，28.0%有转移，约6.6%的患者分期未知。浸润性导管癌是最常见的组织学类型（89.2%）。只有124例（32.8%）患者有组织学分级记录，大多数患者未进行免疫组化检查。所有患者均接受了放疗、化疗和手术。约25.1%的患者失访。2年和5年生存率分别为56.4%和37.6%。根据分期的2年和5年生存率分别为：I期（80.0%和66.7%）、II期（67.7%和57.6%）、III期（51.4%和27.9%）和IV期（37.9%和13.8%）。中位生存时间为41个月（95%CI = 35.0 - 44.0）。2年和5年无病生存率分别为66.6%和60.3%。复发的中位时间为8.0个月。发现教育程度、身高、肿瘤单侧性、临床肿瘤大小、就诊时分期、远处转移的存在、临床腋窝淋巴结转移、锁骨上淋巴结转移、手术方式和腋窝清扫与生存率有统计学显著关联。
我们研究中的大量患者就诊时年龄较轻，疾病分期较晚且处于晚期，导致生存结果较差。
