Institute for Integrated programmes and Research in Basic Sciences (IIRBS), Mahatma Gandhi University, Priyadarsini Hills P O, Kottayam, Kerala 686560, India.
Org Biomol Chem. 2021 May 21;19(19):4228-4242. doi: 10.1039/d1ob00280e. Epub 2021 Apr 23.
Nickel has emerged as a desirable substitute for palladium in Sonogashira coupling reactions due to its abundance, less toxicity and high catalytic activity. Ni complexes have been developed to catalyse C(sp)-C(sp) and C(sp)-C(sp) Sonogashira couplings that find applications in the synthesis and modifications of biologically relevant molecules. This review focuses on the catalytic potential and mechanistic details of various Ni complexes employed in the Sonogashira coupling. These include homogeneous catalytic systems with Ni-phosphorus and Ni-nitrogen catalysts, ligand-free catalysts, and carbonylative coupling strategies. Various heterogeneous catalytic systems using supported Ni complexes, Ni nanoparticles and Pd-Ni bimetallic catalysts have also been discussed. This is the first review reported so far dealing exclusively with Ni-catalysed Sonogashira coupling reactions. This review illustrates the current strategies and potential of Ni-catalysed Sonogashira coupling reactions in both homogeneous and heterogeneous systems, and covers the literature up to 2020.
镍由于其丰富的储量、较低的毒性和较高的催化活性，已成为钯在 Sonogashira 偶联反应中一种理想的替代品。已经开发出镍配合物来催化 C(sp)-C(sp) 和 C(sp)-C(sp) Sonogashira 偶联反应，这些反应在生物相关分子的合成和修饰中得到了应用。本文综述了用于 Sonogashira 偶联反应的各种 Ni 配合物的催化潜力和反应机理细节。这些包括具有 Ni-磷和 Ni-氮催化剂的均相催化体系、无配体催化剂和羰基化偶联策略。还讨论了各种使用负载型 Ni 配合物、Ni 纳米粒子和 Pd-Ni 双金属催化剂的多相催化体系。这是迄今为止第一篇专门报道 Ni 催化 Sonogashira 偶联反应的综述。本文综述了在均相和多相体系中 Ni 催化 Sonogashira 偶联反应的当前策略和潜力，并涵盖了截至 2020 年的文献。
