J Am Pharm Assoc (2003). 2021 Sep-Oct;61(5):e64-e70. doi: 10.1016/j.japh.2021.04.001. Epub 2021 Apr 5.
Nearly 300 medications contain pharmacogenomic information in their labeling approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. As this number continues to grow, community pharmacists will be called on to use available pharmacogenomic data at the point of dispensing.
This qualitative study aimed to describe how pharmacists envision the integration of pharmacogenomic data into the current workflows of community pharmacy practice.
Community pharmacists from a regional supermarket chain pharmacy in the greater Pittsburgh area were interviewed using a semistructured interview guide. Participating pharmacists were presented with 3 clinical scenarios, followed by questions, to gain insight into how they envisioned the integration of pharmacogenomic data into community pharmacy workflow. The interview transcriptions were transcribed and coded. The content was analyzed to deduce the final themes. Supporting quotes were selected to illustrate each theme.
Ten community pharmacists from 3 different pharmacy locations participated in the study. A thematic analysis produced 6 themes: (1) integrating pharmacogenomic data into the dispensing software, (2) receiving an alert for pharmacogenomic information within the dispensing software, (3) accessing pharmacogenomic clinical guidelines to guide drug-decision-making, (4) contacting the prescriber by adding a task to the call queue, (5) placing a mandatory counseling alert on medications that were adjusted using pharmacogenomic data, and (6) counseling the patient on the first refill of a medication that was adjusted using pharmacogenomic data.
This study describes how pharmacists envisioned the integration of pharmacogenomic data into community pharmacy workflow. The participants sought the integration of pharmacogenomic data into existing dispensing software, alerts for actionable prescribing changes using patient-specific pharmacogenomic data when available, and access to clinical decision support. In addition, the participants preferred to engage prescribers and receive alerts to counsel patients at prescription pick-up. These findings are key to integrating pharmacogenomic data into community pharmacy practice.
近 300 种药物在其获得美国食品和药物管理局批准的标签中包含药物基因组学信息。随着这一数字的不断增加，社区药剂师将需要在发药时使用现有的药物基因组学数据。
本定性研究旨在描述药剂师如何将药物基因组学数据融入社区药房实践的当前工作流程。
匹兹堡地区一家地区连锁超市药房的社区药剂师接受了半结构化访谈指南的采访。向参与的药剂师介绍了 3 个临床场景，然后提出问题，以深入了解他们如何将药物基因组学数据融入社区药房工作流程。采访记录被转录并编码。对内容进行了分析，以推导出最终主题。选择了支持性报价来说明每个主题。
来自 3 个不同药房地点的 10 名社区药剂师参加了这项研究。主题分析产生了 6 个主题：（1）将药物基因组学数据整合到配药软件中，（2）在配药软件中收到药物基因组学信息的警报，（3）访问药物基因组学临床指南以指导药物决策，（4）通过在呼叫队列中添加任务与处方医生联系，（5）在使用药物基因组学数据调整的药物上放置强制性咨询警报，以及（6）在使用药物基因组学数据调整的药物首次配药时对患者进行咨询。
本研究描述了药剂师如何将药物基因组学数据融入社区药房工作流程。参与者寻求将药物基因组学数据整合到现有的配药软件中，在可用时使用患者特定的药物基因组学数据提供可操作的处方更改警报，并获取临床决策支持。此外，参与者更喜欢与处方医生联系并在取药时收到咨询患者的警报。这些发现是将药物基因组学数据整合到社区药房实践中的关键。
