J Am Pharm Assoc (2003). 2019 Jul-Aug;59(4):539-544. doi: 10.1016/j.japh.2019.03.005. Epub 2019 Apr 19.
Pharmacist leadership and knowledge of pharmacogenomics is critical to the acceleration and enhancement of clinical pharmacogenomic services. This study aims for a qualitative description of community pharmacists' pharmacogenomic educational needs when implementing clinical pharmacogenomic services at community pharmacies.
Pharmacists practicing at Rite Aid Pharmacy locations in the Greater Pittsburgh Area were recruited to participate in this qualitative analysis. Pharmacists from pharmacy locations offering pharmacogenomic testing and robust patient care services were eligible to participate in a semistructured, audio-recorded interview. The semistructured interview covered 4 domains crafted by the investigative team: (1) previous knowledge of pharmacogenomics; (2) implementation resources; (3) workflow adaptation; and (4) learning preferences. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and independently coded by 2 researchers. A thematic analysis by the investigative team followed. Supporting quotes were selected to illustrate each theme.
Eleven pharmacists from 9 unique pharmacy locations participated in this study. The average length of practice as a community pharmacist was 12 years (range, 1.5-31 years). Pharmacist's pharmacogenomic educational needs were categorized into 5 key themes: (1) enriched pharmacogenomic education and training; (2) active learning to build confidence in using pharmacogenomic data in practice; (3) robust and reputable clinical resources to effectively implement pharmacogenomic services; (4) team-based approach throughout implementation; (5) readily accessible network of pharmacogenomic experts.
This study describes the educational needs and preferences of community pharmacists for the successful provision of clinical pharmacogenomic services in community pharmacies. Pharmacists recognized their needs for enriched knowledge and instruction, practice applying pharmacogenomic principles with team-based approaches, robust clinical resources, and access to pharmacogenomic experts. This deeper understanding of pharmacist needs for pharmacogenomic education could help to accelerate and enhance the clinical implementation of pharmacogenomic services led by community pharmacists.
药剂师的领导力和药物基因组学知识对于加速和增强临床药物基因组学服务至关重要。本研究旨在定性描述社区药剂师在社区药房实施临床药物基因组学服务时的药物基因组学教育需求。
在大匹兹堡地区的 Rite Aid 药房工作的药剂师被招募来参与这项定性分析。提供药物基因组学检测和完善的患者护理服务的药房的药剂师有资格参加半结构化、录音的访谈。半结构化访谈涵盖了调查团队设计的 4 个领域：（1）以前对药物基因组学的了解；（2）实施资源；（3）工作流程适应；（4）学习偏好。访谈内容逐字转录，并由 2 名研究人员独立编码。调查团队随后进行了主题分析。选择了支持性引语来说明每个主题。
来自 9 个独特药房的 11 名药剂师参与了这项研究。作为社区药剂师的平均从业年限为 12 年（范围为 1.5-31 年）。药剂师的药物基因组学教育需求分为 5 个关键主题：（1）丰富的药物基因组学教育和培训；（2）积极学习以建立在实践中使用药物基因组学数据的信心；（3）强大且可靠的临床资源，以有效实施药物基因组学服务；（4）实施过程中的团队方法；（5）方便获取的药物基因组学专家网络。
本研究描述了社区药剂师为在社区药房成功提供临床药物基因组学服务的教育需求和偏好。药剂师认识到他们需要丰富的知识和指导，通过团队方法实践应用药物基因组学原则，强大的临床资源以及获得药物基因组学专家的机会。对药剂师药物基因组学教育需求的深入了解可以帮助加速和增强由社区药剂师主导的药物基因组学服务的临床实施。
