Western Collaborative Innovation Research Center for Energy Economy and Regional Development, Xi'an University of Finance and Economics, Xi'an, 710100, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2021 Sep;28(34):47213-47226. doi: 10.1007/s11356-021-14011-4. Epub 2021 Apr 23.
Environmental regulation is considered an important means to solve PM pollution. Based on panel data of 280 cities in China from 2003 to 2016, this paper analyzes the dual effects of environmental regulation on PM pollution, namely, the direct effect and the indirect effect by three transmission channels of the technological innovation, industrial structure, and foreign direct investment (FDI). The impact of urban heterogeneity on the effects of environmental regulation is then examined. The study found that environmental regulation has a significant negative impact on PM pollution. In addition, environmental regulation can indirectly reduce PM pollution through technological innovation and industrial structure adjustment. However, it also restrains the environmental spillover effect of FDI, in this way exacerbating PM pollution. Urban heterogeneity factors such as geographical location, city size, and resource endowment have an impact on pollution control and the haze reduction effect of environmental regulation. Finally, based on the research conclusion, some suggestions are proposed for strengthening environmental regulation and reducing PM pollution.
环境规制被认为是解决 PM 污染的重要手段。本文基于 2003-2016 年中国 280 个城市的面板数据，分析了环境规制对 PM 污染的双重影响，即技术创新、产业结构和外商直接投资（FDI）三条传导渠道的直接效应和间接效应。然后考察了城市异质性对环境规制效应的影响。研究发现，环境规制对 PM 污染有显著的负向影响。此外，环境规制可以通过技术创新和产业结构调整来间接降低 PM 污染。然而，它也抑制了 FDI 的环境溢出效应，从而加剧了 PM 污染。地理位置、城市规模和资源禀赋等城市异质性因素会影响污染控制和环境规制的降霾效果。最后，基于研究结论，提出了加强环境规制、降低 PM 污染的建议。
