Newacheck P W, Starfield B
Institute for Health Policy Studies, University of California, San Francisco 94143.
Am J Public Health. 1988 Aug;78(8):927-33. doi: 10.2105/ajph.78.8.927.
Using data from the Child Health Supplement to the 1981 National Health Interview Survey, illness and use of physician services are compared for children under 18 years old in three family income groups. The results indicate that although annual prevalence of many health problems does not differ greatly by income level, disability as measured by bed days is greater among low income children. A substantial minority of children from all socioeconomic levels are afflicted by multiple health problems. The impact of multiple conditions, as measured by days spent ill in bed, appears much greater for children from low income families. Use of physician services was found to be similar for children of all socioeconomic levels when no significant health problems were present, but low income children with health problems used fewer physician visits on an adjusted basis than their higher income counterparts.
利用1981年全国健康访谈调查儿童健康补充调查的数据，对三个家庭收入组中18岁以下儿童的疾病情况和医生服务利用情况进行了比较。结果表明，尽管许多健康问题的年患病率在不同收入水平之间差异不大，但以卧床天数衡量的残疾情况在低收入儿童中更为严重。所有社会经济水平的儿童中都有相当一部分受到多种健康问题的困扰。以卧床生病天数衡量，多种疾病对低收入家庭儿童的影响似乎更大。当不存在重大健康问题时，所有社会经济水平的儿童对医生服务的利用情况相似，但经调整后，有健康问题的低收入儿童比高收入儿童看医生的次数更少。
