Zhang Huaqing, Jin Yi, Chi Cheng, Han Guochen, Jiang Wenxin, Wang Zhen, Cheng Hao, Zhang Chenshuang, Wang Gang, Sun Chenhua, Chen Yun, Xi Yilong, Liu Mengting, Gao Xie, Lin Xiujun, Lv Lingyu, Zhou Jianping, Ding Yang
Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, China Pharmaceutical University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210009, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, China Pharmaceutical University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210009, China.
Biomaterials. 2021 Jun;273:120824. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.120824. Epub 2021 Apr 15.
Sponge particulates have attracted enormous attention in biomedical applications for superior properties, including large porosity, elastic deformation, capillary action, and three-dimensional (3D) reaction environment. Especially, the tiny porous structures make sponge particulates a promising platform for drug delivery, tissue engineering, anti-infection, and wound healing by providing abundant reservoirs of broad surface and internal network for cargo shielding and shuttling. To control the sponge-like morphology and improve the diversity of drug loading, some optimized preparation techniques of sponge particulates have been developed, contributing to the simplified preparation process and improved production reproducibility. Bio-functionalized strategies, including target modification, cell membrane camouflage, and hydrogel of sponge particulates have been applied to modulate the properties, improve the performance, and extend the applications. In this review, we highlight the unique physical properties and functions, current manufacturing techniques, and an overview of spongy particulates in biomedical applications, especially in inhibition of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infectivity. Moreover, the current challenges and prospects of sponge particulates are discussed rationally, providing an insight into developing vibrant fields of sponge particulates-based biomedicine.
海绵微粒因其优异的性能，包括大孔隙率、弹性变形、毛细作用和三维（3D）反应环境，在生物医学应用中引起了极大关注。特别是，微小的多孔结构使海绵微粒成为药物递送、组织工程、抗感染和伤口愈合的有前景的平台，通过提供广阔的表面和内部网络的丰富储存库来实现货物屏蔽和运输。为了控制海绵状形态并提高药物负载的多样性，已经开发了一些优化的海绵微粒制备技术，有助于简化制备过程并提高生产重现性。生物功能化策略，包括靶向修饰、细胞膜伪装和海绵微粒水凝胶，已被应用于调节性能、改善性能并扩展应用。在本综述中，我们重点介绍了独特的物理性质和功能、当前的制造技术，以及海绵微粒在生物医学应用中的概述，特别是在抑制严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）感染性方面。此外，还合理讨论了海绵微粒当前面临的挑战和前景，为基于海绵微粒的生物医学充满活力的领域发展提供了见解。
