护理学本科学生对临终关怀课程的参与度：一项扎根理论研究。

Baccalaureate nursing students' engagement with end-of-life curriculum: A grounded theory study.

作者信息

Stokman Anne I, Brown Sherri L, Seacrist Marla J

机构信息

California State University, Stanislaus, One University Circle, Turlock, CA, United States of America.

出版信息

Nurse Educ Today. 2021 Jul;102:104914. doi: 10.1016/j.nedt.2021.104914. Epub 2021 Apr 18.

DOI:10.1016/j.nedt.2021.104914

PMID:33894595

Abstract

BACKGROUND

The art of being prepared to support patients and their families during end of life experiences is not always emphasized in nurse education. Despite the efforts from the American Association of Colleges of Nursing and End of Life Nursing Education Consortium (ELNEC), only 25% of nursing schools across the United States are using their modules.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this study was to explore how student nurses engage with end of life education.

DESIGN

Qualitative study using a grounded theory approach.

SETTING

Baccalaureate nursing program located in the rural agricultural western United States.

PARTICIPANTS

Using purposive sampling, a single cohort of baccalaureate student nurses in two focus groups (n = 17; n = 23).

METHODS

Using a grounded theory approach, student experiences and engagement with the curriculum were explored. Using the constant comparative method, three researchers coded the data independently and then came together to reach consensus on themes and for the development of the conceptual model.

RESULTS

Three categories emerged from the data to describe the student engagement with the curriculum: Novice, Evolving, and Prepared. The central theme for the Novice students was Being Afraid. Students expressed fear over the unknown and not knowing what to say or do. Becoming Aware was the central theme for the Evolving students which included a blend of being aware of their deficiencies as well as the important aspects of end of life care. The final category was Prepared. The theme for this category was Becoming Accomplished, which included recognition of respectful care, disrespectful care, team work, and advocacy.

CONCLUSION

End of life education is essential for nursing students to provide appropriate care at end of life, as well as providing improved knowledge, attitudes, and confidence of students. The End of Life Nursing Education Consortium modules, placed strategically within the curriculum, allow nursing students to move through the process of Being Afraid, to Becoming Aware, and finally Becoming Accomplished upon graduation.

摘要

背景

在临终关怀期间为患者及其家属提供支持的技能，在护士教育中并不总是受到重视。尽管美国护理学院协会和临终护理教育联盟（ELNEC）做出了努力，但美国只有25%的护理学校在使用其模块。

目的

本研究的目的是探讨护生如何参与临终关怀教育。

设计

采用扎根理论方法的定性研究。

地点

位于美国西部农业农村地区的学士学位护理项目。

参与者

采用目的抽样法，选取两个焦点小组中的一届学士学位护生（n = 17；n = 23）。

方法

采用扎根理论方法，探讨学生的经历以及他们对课程的参与情况。使用持续比较法，三名研究人员独立对数据进行编码，然后共同就主题和概念模型的开发达成共识。

结果

数据中出现了三个类别来描述学生对课程的参与情况：新手、成长中和有准备。新手学生的核心主题是“恐惧”。学生们表达了对未知的恐惧，以及不知道该说什么或做什么。“开始意识到”是成长中学生的核心主题，其中包括意识到自己的不足以及临终关怀的重要方面。最后一个类别是“有准备”。这个类别的主题是“变得有成就”，其中包括对尊重护理、不尊重护理、团队合作和支持的认识。