Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325000 Wenzhou, China.
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, 325035 Wenzhou, China.
Mol Ther. 2021 Jun 2;29(6):1946-1957. doi: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2021.04.020. Epub 2021 Apr 23.
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are bilayer membrane vesicles and act as key messengers in intercellular communication. EVs can be secreted by both neurons and glial cells in the central nervous system (CNS). Under physiological conditions, EVs contribute to CNS homeostasis by facilitating omnidirectional communication among CNS cell populations. In response to CNS injury, EVs mediate neuroinflammatory responses and regulate tissue damage and repair, thereby influencing the pathogenesis, development, and/or recovery of neuroinflammatory diseases, including CNS autoimmune diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, stroke, CNS traumatic injury, and CNS infectious diseases. The unique ability of EVs to pass through the blood-brain barrier further confers them an important role in the bidirectional communication between the CNS and periphery, and application of EVs enables the diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy of neuroinflammatory diseases in a minimally invasive manner.
细胞外囊泡（EVs）是双层膜囊泡，在细胞间通讯中充当关键信使。EVs 可由中枢神经系统（CNS）中的神经元和神经胶质细胞共同分泌。在生理条件下，EVs 通过促进 CNS 细胞群体之间的全方位通讯，有助于 CNS 稳态。在 CNS 损伤的情况下，EVs 介导神经炎症反应，并调节组织损伤和修复，从而影响神经炎症性疾病的发病机制、发展和/或恢复，包括 CNS 自身免疫性疾病、神经退行性疾病、中风、CNS 创伤性损伤和 CNS 传染性疾病。EVs 穿过血脑屏障的独特能力进一步赋予其在 CNS 与外周之间双向通讯中的重要作用，并且 EVs 的应用能够以微创的方式实现神经炎症性疾病的诊断、预后和治疗。
