Ozawa Sachiyo
UTokyo Center for Integrative Science of Human Behavior (CiSHuB), Evolutionary Cognitive Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Front Psychol. 2021 Apr 9;12:618676. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.618676. eCollection 2021.
The emotions that people experience in day-to-day social situations are often mixed emotions. Although autobiographical recall is useful as an emotion induction procedure, it often involves recalling memories associated with a specific discrete emotion (e.g., sadness). However, real-life emotions occur freely and spontaneously, without such constraints. To understand real-life emotions, the present study examined characteristics of emotions that were elicited by recalling "stressful interpersonal events in daily life" without the targeted evocation of a specific discrete emotion. Assuming generation of mixed and complex emotions, emotional groups with relatively strong correlation of multiple emotions according to surprise, fear, anger, disgust, sadness, and happiness were expected. Seventy-two university students (35 males, mean age: 19.69 ± 1.91 years; 37 females, 20.03 ± 2.42) participated in the study. In the emotion induction procedure, participants freely recalled memories as per the instructions on a monitor, and then responded silently to a series of questions concerning any one recalled incident. Assessments of emotional states using emotion scales and another item indicated that validated emotional changes had occurred during the task. Inter-correlations between six emotions demonstrated an emotional group consisting of disgust and anger, which frequently occur as negative interpersonal feelings, and that of fear and sadness. This indicated generation of mixed and complex emotions as experienced in social life. Future studies concerning relationships between these emotions and other factors, including neurophysiological responses, may facilitate further understanding about relationships between mental and physiological processes occurring in daily life.
人们在日常社交情境中所体验到的情绪往往是混合情绪。虽然自传体回忆作为一种情绪诱导程序很有用，但它通常涉及回忆与特定离散情绪（如悲伤）相关的记忆。然而，现实生活中的情绪是自由自发产生的，没有这样的限制。为了理解现实生活中的情绪，本研究考察了通过回忆“日常生活中的人际压力事件”而引发的情绪特征，且没有针对性地诱发特定离散情绪。假设会产生混合和复杂的情绪，预计会出现根据惊讶、恐惧、愤怒、厌恶、悲伤和快乐而具有相对较强多种情绪相关性的情绪群组。72名大学生（35名男性，平均年龄：19.69±1.91岁；37名女性，20.03±2.42）参与了该研究。在情绪诱导程序中，参与者按照显示器上的指示自由回忆记忆，然后对与任何一个回忆事件相关的一系列问题进行默默回答。使用情绪量表和另一项指标对情绪状态进行的评估表明，在任务过程中发生了经过验证的情绪变化。六种情绪之间的相互关联表明，由厌恶和愤怒组成的情绪群组（它们经常作为负面人际感受出现）以及恐惧和悲伤的情绪群组。这表明产生了社会生活中所体验到的混合和复杂情绪。未来关于这些情绪与其他因素（包括神经生理反应）之间关系的研究，可能有助于进一步理解日常生活中发生的心理和生理过程之间的关系。
