Saavedra Lucas Paulo Jacinto, Prates Kelly Valério, Gonçalves Gessica Dutra, Piovan Silvano, Matafome Paulo, Mathias Paulo Cezar de Freitas
Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringa, Maringa, Brazil.
Institute of Physiology and Institute of Clinical and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Medicine and Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
Front Cell Dev Biol. 2021 Apr 7;9:659032. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2021.659032. eCollection 2021.
A new infectious disease, COVID-19, has spread around the world. The most common symptoms of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection are cough and fever, but severe cases can develop acute respiratory distress syndrome. The main receptor for SARS-CoV-2 in human tissue is angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, and the lungs, heart, and kidneys are the most affected organs. Besides the inflammatory process and tissue damage, the presence of a cytokine "storm" has been related to a higher mortality rate. Other infectious viral diseases, such as Zika, chikungunya, and influenza, were associated with complications in pregnant women, such as growth restriction, malformation, preterm birth, low birth weight, miscarriage, and death, although they can also cause developmental disorders in infants and adolescents. Evidence points out that stressors during pregnancy and infancy may lead to the development of obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Therefore, we hypothesize that COVID-19 infection during the critical phases of development can program the individual to chronic diseases in adulthood. It is important that COVID-19 patients receive proper monitoring as a way to avoid expensive costs to public health in the future.
一种新型传染病——新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）已在全球蔓延。严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）感染最常见的症状是咳嗽和发热，但重症病例可发展为急性呼吸窘迫综合征。SARS-CoV-2在人体组织中的主要受体是血管紧张素转换酶2，肺、心脏和肾脏是受影响最严重的器官。除炎症过程和组织损伤外，细胞因子“风暴”的出现与更高的死亡率有关。其他传染性病毒疾病，如寨卡病毒、基孔肯雅病毒和流感，也与孕妇的并发症有关，如生长受限、畸形、早产、低出生体重、流产和死亡，尽管它们也可导致婴儿和青少年的发育障碍。有证据表明，孕期和婴儿期的应激源可能导致肥胖、糖尿病和心血管疾病的发生。因此，我们推测，在发育的关键阶段感染COVID-19可能使个体成年后易患慢性疾病。重要的是，COVID-19患者应接受适当监测，以避免未来给公共卫生带来高昂代价。
