Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, Zhuhai, 519000, Guangdong, China.
Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, 519000, Guangdong, China.
Mil Med Res. 2020 Mar 13;7(1):11. doi: 10.1186/s40779-020-00240-0.
An acute respiratory disease, caused by a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2, previously known as 2019-nCoV), the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread throughout China and received worldwide attention. On 30 January 2020, World Health Organization (WHO) officially declared the COVID-19 epidemic as a public health emergency of international concern. The emergence of SARS-CoV-2, since the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in 2002 and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in 2012, marked the third introduction of a highly pathogenic and large-scale epidemic coronavirus into the human population in the twenty-first century. As of 1 March 2020, a total of 87,137 confirmed cases globally, 79,968 confirmed in China and 7169 outside of China, with 2977 deaths (3.4%) had been reported by WHO. Meanwhile, several independent research groups have identified that SARS-CoV-2 belongs to β-coronavirus, with highly identical genome to bat coronavirus, pointing to bat as the natural host. The novel coronavirus uses the same receptor, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as that for SARS-CoV, and mainly spreads through the respiratory tract. Importantly, increasingly evidence showed sustained human-to-human transmission, along with many exported cases across the globe. The clinical symptoms of COVID-19 patients include fever, cough, fatigue and a small population of patients appeared gastrointestinal infection symptoms. The elderly and people with underlying diseases are susceptible to infection and prone to serious outcomes, which may be associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and cytokine storm. Currently, there are few specific antiviral strategies, but several potent candidates of antivirals and repurposed drugs are under urgent investigation. In this review, we summarized the latest research progress of the epidemiology, pathogenesis, and clinical characteristics of COVID-19, and discussed the current treatment and scientific advancements to combat the epidemic novel coronavirus.
一种急性呼吸道疾病，由一种新型冠状病毒（SARS-CoV-2，以前称为 2019-nCoV）引起，这种冠状病毒病 2019（COVID-19）已在中国各地蔓延，并引起了全球关注。2020 年 1 月 30 日，世界卫生组织（WHO）正式宣布 COVID-19 疫情为国际关注的公共卫生紧急事件。SARS-CoV-2 的出现，继 2002 年的严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒（SARS-CoV）和 2012 年的中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒（MERS-CoV）之后，标志着第三种高致病性和大规模流行的冠状病毒进入人类人口在 21 世纪。截至 2020 年 3 月 1 日，全球共报告确诊病例 87137 例，中国确诊 79968 例，中国境外确诊 7169 例，世界卫生组织报告死亡 2977 例（3.4%）。同时，几个独立的研究小组已经确定，SARS-CoV-2 属于β冠状病毒，与蝙蝠冠状病毒具有高度相同的基因组，表明蝙蝠是其自然宿主。新型冠状病毒使用与 SARS-CoV 相同的受体，血管紧张素转换酶 2（ACE2），主要通过呼吸道传播。重要的是，越来越多的证据表明持续的人与人之间的传播，以及全球许多出口病例。COVID-19 患者的临床症状包括发热、咳嗽、疲劳，少数患者出现胃肠道感染症状。老年人和有基础疾病的人易感染，易发生严重后果，可能与急性呼吸窘迫综合征（ARDS）和细胞因子风暴有关。目前，抗病毒的具体策略较少，但几种有效的抗病毒候选药物和重新定位药物正在紧急研究中。在这篇综述中，我们总结了 COVID-19 的流行病学、发病机制和临床特征的最新研究进展，并讨论了目前对抗这种新型冠状病毒的治疗和科学进展。
Zotero 插件