Kia Lashaki Elham, Gholami Shirzad, Fakhar Mahdi, Karamian Mehdi, Daryani Ahmad
Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Communicable Diseases Institute, Iranian National Registry Center for Lophomoniasis and Toxoplasmosis, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
Parasite Epidemiol Control. 2021 Mar 16;13:e00211. doi: 10.1016/j.parepi.2021.e00211. eCollection 2021 May.
Avian schistosomes are considered as main causative agents of human cercarial dermatitis (HCD) in Iran. The study was conducted to determine bird schistosomes in their final and intermediate hosts, in main wetlands of Mazandaran.
A total of 255 domestic and wild ducks were collected and the infection of nasal tissues of five (, and ) species were analyzed using morphological techniques. Also, 1687 freshwater snails were collected and surveyed by cercarial shedding and crushing tests. Detection of HCD was performed for the presence of clinical symptoms of itching and maculopapular rashs by physical examination.
Of 255 ducks, in 41 (16%) infection with nasal spp. were recognized by observing eggs and/or adult worms. The most infected ducks were and . Overall, 0.17% of snails were infected with avian schistosomes. Also, clinical examination of 951 rice farmers revealed that 588 (61.82%) of them were suffered from HCD.
Our data suggest that domestic ducks could play a prominent role as a reservoir host for establishing life cycle of in the area. Also, existence of domestic reservoir ducks and suitable snail hosts in ponds and paddy fields of this area, climate conditions of the wetlands in Mazandaran leads to a high incidence of HCD.
禽血吸虫被认为是伊朗人类尾蚴性皮炎（HCD）的主要病原体。本研究旨在确定马赞德兰主要湿地中终末宿主和中间宿主体内的鸟类血吸虫。
共收集255只家鸭和野鸭，采用形态学技术分析5种（、和）鸟类鼻腔组织的感染情况。此外，收集1687只淡水螺，通过尾蚴逸出试验和压碎试验进行调查。通过体格检查，根据瘙痒和斑丘疹等临床症状检测是否存在HCD。
在255只鸭子中，通过观察虫卵和/或成虫，发现41只（16%）感染了鼻腔吸虫。感染率最高的鸭子是和。总体而言，0.17%的螺感染了禽血吸虫。此外，对951名稻农的临床检查显示，其中588人（61.82%）患有HCD。
我们的数据表明，家鸭可能作为该地区建立吸虫生命周期的重要保虫宿主。此外，该地区池塘和稻田中存在家鸭保虫宿主和合适的螺宿主，马赞德兰湿地的气候条件导致HCD的高发病率。
