Department of Psychological Science, Claremont McKenna College, Claremont, CA91711.
Behav Brain Sci. 2021 Apr 26;44:e38. doi: 10.1017/S0140525X20000850.
Willpower is often conceptualized as incorporating effortful and momentary suppression of immediate but ultimately inferior rewards. Yet, growing evidence instead supports a process of attribute weighting, whereby normatively optimal choices arise from separable evaluation of different attributes (e.g., time and money). Strategic allocation of attention settles conflicts between competing choice-relevant attributes, which could be expanded to include self-referential predictions ("resolve").
意志力通常被概念化为包含费力的、暂时的抑制即时但最终较差的奖励。然而，越来越多的证据支持这样一种过程，即属性加权，即规范上最佳的选择来自于对不同属性（例如时间和金钱）的可分离评估。注意力的策略分配解决了相互竞争的选择相关属性之间的冲突，这可以扩展到包括自我参照预测（“解决”）。
