Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Sunchon, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea.
Research Institute for Human Ecology, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
Br J Nutr. 2022 Feb 28;127(4):630-640. doi: 10.1017/S0007114521001331. Epub 2021 Apr 26.
We aim to determine the association between Fe status and the metabolic syndrome (MetS) during menopause. Records of 1069 premenopausal and 703 postmenopausal Korean women were retrieved from the database of the fifth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES V 2012) and analysed. The association between the MetS and Fe status was performed using multivariable-adjusted analyses, subsequently develop a prediction model for the MetS by margin effects. We found that the risk of Fe depletion among postmenopausal women was lower than premenopausal women (PR = 0·813, 95 % CI 0·668, 0·998, P = 0·038). The risk of the MetS was 2·562-fold lower among premenopausal women with than without Fe depletion (PR = 0·390, 95 % CI 0·266, 0·571, P < 0·001). In contrast, the risk of the MetS tended to be higher among postmenopausal women with than without Fe depletion (PR = 1·849, 95 % CI 1·406, 2·432, P < 0·001). When the serum ferritin levels increased, the risk of the MetS increased in both premenopausal women and postmenopausal women. The margin effects showed that an increase in serum Hb and ferritin was associated with an increase in the risk of the MetS according to menopausal status and age group. Therefore, ferritin is the most validated and widely used Fe marker, could be a potential clinical value in predicting and monitoring the MetS during menopause. Further prospective or longitudinal studies, especially, clinically related studies on menopause and Fe status, are needed to clarify the causality between serum ferritin levels and the MetS that could offer novel treatments for the MetS.
我们旨在确定铁状态与更年期期间代谢综合征（MetS）之间的关联。从第五次韩国国家健康和营养检查调查（KNHANES V 2012）数据库中检索了 1069 名绝经前和 703 名绝经后韩国女性的记录，并进行了分析。使用多变量调整分析来评估 MetS 与 Fe 状态之间的关联，随后通过边缘效应为 MetS 开发预测模型。我们发现，绝经后女性缺铁的风险低于绝经前女性（PR=0.813，95%CI 0.668，0.998，P=0.038）。与无缺铁的绝经前女性相比，有缺铁的绝经前女性患 MetS 的风险低 2.562 倍（PR=0.390，95%CI 0.266，0.571，P<0.001）。相反，与无缺铁的绝经后女性相比，有缺铁的绝经后女性患 MetS 的风险更高（PR=1.849，95%CI 1.406，2.432，P<0.001）。当血清铁蛋白水平升高时，绝经前和绝经后女性患 MetS 的风险均增加。边缘效应表明，根据绝经状态和年龄组，血清 Hb 和铁蛋白的增加与 MetS 风险的增加相关。因此，铁蛋白是最具验证性和广泛应用的 Fe 标志物，在预测和监测更年期期间的 MetS 方面可能具有潜在的临床价值。需要进一步的前瞻性或纵向研究，特别是与绝经和 Fe 状态相关的临床研究，以阐明血清铁蛋白水平与 MetS 之间的因果关系，从而为 MetS 提供新的治疗方法。
