Hospital Universitário da Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil.
Centro de Reabilitação Pulmonar da Escola Paulista de Medicina da Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM/Unifesp), São Paulo, Brazil.
J Asthma. 2022 May;59(5):1030-1040. doi: 10.1080/02770903.2021.1922914. Epub 2021 May 10.
To determine the differences between sexes in perceptions of asthma symptoms, asthma control, daily activities, and symptom exacerbation in Latin American countries.
This cross-sectional study was performed using data from the Latin America Asthma Insight and Management (LA-AIM) study ( = 2167) carried out in Argentina, Brazil, Mexico, Venezuela, and Puerto Rico. Face-to-face interviews were conducted, and patients orally completed a 53-question survey assessing five main domains of asthma: symptoms, impact on daily activities, disease control, exacerbation, and treatment/medication.
Of the 2167 participants, 762 (35.2%) were males and 1405 (64.8%) were females. Male participants smoked more than females, but history of rhinitis and allergies was more common in females ( < 0.05). Women aged 18-40 years had a higher proportion of uncontrolled asthma compared to men of the same age (37.8% and 30.0%, respectively). A higher proportion of symptomatic females reported more frequent symptoms (daytime cough, shortness of breath, breathlessness/wheezing, sputum, tightness in the chest, etc.) than males ( < 0.05). Females also experienced more limitations in sports/recreational activities, normal physical exertion, social activities, sleep, and daily activities. Females consulted with health professionals more often than males (67.8% and 59.6%, respectively; < 0.05). Asthma caused a feeling of lack of control over life in 42.6% of females and 31.4% of males.
In Latin America, females report more asthma symptoms, poorer asthma control, more impact on their daily activities, and more visits with health professionals than males.
确定拉丁美洲国家中男女对哮喘症状、哮喘控制、日常活动和症状恶化的感知差异。
本横断面研究使用了在阿根廷、巴西、墨西哥、委内瑞拉和波多黎各进行的拉丁美洲哮喘洞察和管理（LA-AIM）研究（ = 2167）的数据。通过面对面访谈，患者口头完成了一份包含五个主要哮喘领域的 53 个问题的调查：症状、对日常活动的影响、疾病控制、恶化和治疗/药物。
在 2167 名参与者中，762 名（35.2%）为男性，1405 名（64.8%）为女性。男性参与者比女性更吸烟，但女性的鼻炎和过敏史更为常见（ < 0.05）。18-40 岁的女性与同年龄段的男性相比，未控制哮喘的比例更高（分别为 37.8%和 30.0%）。更多有症状的女性报告说频繁出现症状（日间咳嗽、呼吸急促、呼吸困难/喘息、咳痰、胸闷等），比男性更为常见（ < 0.05）。女性在运动/娱乐活动、正常体力活动、社会活动、睡眠和日常活动方面也受到更多限制。女性比男性更频繁地咨询卫生专业人员（分别为 67.8%和 59.6%； < 0.05）。哮喘导致 42.6%的女性和 31.4%的男性感到对生活失去控制。
在拉丁美洲，女性比男性报告更多的哮喘症状、更差的哮喘控制、对日常生活的更大影响以及更多地咨询卫生专业人员。
