Khyber Girls Medical College, Hayatabad Medical complex, Peshawar, Pakistan.
Post Graduate Medical Institute, Peshawar, Pakistan.
BMC Infect Dis. 2021 Apr 26;21(1):388. doi: 10.1186/s12879-021-06106-7.
One of the leading long-term complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) includes renal dysfunction and urinary tract infections (UTI) which are considered to be prevalent in uncontrolled diabetes. Moreover, physiological factors like age, gender, duration of diabetes, other diabetic complications like neuropathy, autonomic neuropathy and glycosuria are also considered as predisposing factors for increased prevalence of UTI in diabetes which can be symptomatic or asymptomatic.
This was a cross-sectional, multi-centre study including diabetic patients from 12 clinical sites spread across major cities of Pakistan. The inclusion criteria were adult Pakistani population of age between 18 to 75 years both genders and suffering from T2DM irrespective of duration. A detailed clinical history of the past 3 months was recorded and, biochemical investigations of blood samples were conducted. Urine culture analysis performed identified the type of pathogen present and was done only for asymptomatic patients.
A total of 745 type 2 diabetic patients were initially screened, out of 545 patients considered for final analysis 501 (91.92%) were negative and the rest 44 (8.08%) had positive urine culture. Female gender had a significantly higher proportion of positive urine culture (77.27%, p-value< 0.001). Body mass index and mean age had insignificant distribution among the two groups of positive and negative urine culture, with age 40-59 years having higher proportion (70.45%) in the positive group. Escherichia coli was detected in most of the positive samples (52.3%). All bacterial samples were found resistant to Ciprofloxacin.
Diabetic Pakistani muslim female patients are identified to be at high risk of suffering from asymptomatic UTI and age more than 40 years is an important risk factor. Escherichia coli was the most common causative organism among people living in this geographical area.
2 型糖尿病（T2DM）的主要长期并发症之一包括肾功能障碍和尿路感染（UTI），这些并发症在未得到控制的糖尿病中较为普遍。此外，年龄、性别、糖尿病病程等生理因素，以及神经病变、自主神经病变和糖尿等其他糖尿病并发症，也被认为是糖尿病患者 UTI 患病率增加的易患因素，这些 UTI 可以是有症状的，也可以是无症状的。
这是一项横断面、多中心研究，纳入了来自巴基斯坦主要城市 12 个临床站点的糖尿病患者。纳入标准为年龄在 18 至 75 岁之间的成年巴基斯坦人群，无论性别和糖尿病病程长短，均患有 T2DM。记录了过去 3 个月的详细临床病史，并对血液样本进行了生化检查。仅对无症状患者进行尿液培养分析，以确定存在的病原体类型。
最初筛选了 745 名 2 型糖尿病患者，其中 545 名患者被认为适合进行最终分析，其中 501 名（91.92%）为阴性，其余 44 名（8.08%）为阳性。女性的阳性尿液培养比例显著较高（77.27%，p 值<0.001）。阳性和阴性尿液培养两组的体重指数和平均年龄分布无显著差异，阳性组中 40-59 岁年龄组的比例较高（70.45%）。大多数阳性样本中均检测到大肠埃希菌（Escherichia coli）。所有细菌样本均对环丙沙星耐药。
巴基斯坦穆斯林女性糖尿病患者易患无症状性尿路感染，年龄超过 40 岁是一个重要的危险因素。在该地理区域居住的人群中，大肠埃希菌是最常见的病原体。
