Laboratoire Reproduction et Développement des Plantes, University at Lyon, ENS de Lyon, UCB Lyon 1, CNRS, INRAE, 69342 Lyon, France.
Functional Genomics and Proteomics, National Centre for Biomolecula Research, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University and CEITEC MU, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic.
Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2021 Dec 1;13(12):a039925. doi: 10.1101/cshperspect.a039925.
Plants, in contrast to animals, are unique in their capacity to postembryonically develop new organs due to the activity of stem cell populations, located in specialized tissues called meristems. Above ground, the shoot apical meristem generates aerial organs and tissues throughout plant life. It is well established that auxin plays a central role in the functioning of the shoot apical meristem. Auxin distribution in the meristem is not uniform and depends on the interplay between biosynthesis, transport, and degradation. Auxin maxima and minima are created, and result in transcriptional outputs that drive the development of new organs and contribute to meristem maintenance. To uncover and understand complex signaling networks such as the one regulating auxin responses in the shoot apical meristem remains a challenge. Here, we will discuss our current understanding and point to important research directions for the future.
与动物不同，植物由于其干细胞群体的活性，具有在胚胎后发育新器官的独特能力，这些干细胞位于称为分生组织的专门组织中。在地上，茎尖分生组织在植物的整个生命周期中产生空气器官和组织。生长素在茎尖分生组织的功能中起着核心作用，这一点已得到充分证实。分生组织中的生长素分布不均匀，取决于生物合成、运输和降解之间的相互作用。生长素最大值和最小值的产生，导致转录输出，从而驱动新器官的发育，并有助于分生组织的维持。揭示和理解复杂的信号网络，如调节茎尖分生组织中生长素反应的信号网络，仍然是一个挑战。在这里，我们将讨论我们目前的理解，并指出未来的重要研究方向。
