SEGi University, Faculty of Medicine, No. 9, Jalan Teknologi, Taman Sains Selangor, Kota Damansara, PJU 5, 47810 Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia.
Malays J Pathol. 2021 Apr;43(1):3-8.
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 is a novel coronavirus that causes the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). COVID-19 has been declared a pandemic by the World Health Organisation since March 2020. To date, the number of confirmed COVID-19 cases has exceeded 47 million and more than 1.2 million people have lost their lives to the disease. The disease is spreading at an exponential rate with no signs of slowing down. COVID-19 testing and early diagnosis play a crucial role in not just patient management, but also the prevention of the further spread of the disease. Various diagnostic approaches have been applied to detect SARS-CoV-2 infection. This article will critically review these diagnostic approaches and compare each with the gold-standard, which is viral RNA detection using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).
严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2 是一种新型冠状病毒，可引起 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）。自 2020 年 3 月以来，世界卫生组织已宣布 COVID-19 为大流行。迄今为止，确诊的 COVID-19 病例已超过 4700 万例，超过 120 万人死于该疾病。该疾病的传播速度呈指数级增长，没有放缓的迹象。COVID-19 的检测和早期诊断不仅对患者管理至关重要，而且对疾病的进一步传播的预防也至关重要。已经应用了各种诊断方法来检测 SARS-CoV-2 感染。本文将对这些诊断方法进行批判性评估，并将每种方法与使用逆转录-聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）检测病毒 RNA 的金标准进行比较。
