College of Resource and Environmental Science, Xinjiang University, No. 666 Shengli Road, Tianshan District, Urumqi, China.
Urumqi Hexi Water Supply Co. Ltd., Urumqi, 830000, Xinjiang, China.
Sci Rep. 2021 Apr 26;11(1):8955. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-88335-z.
Oxidation ditches (ODs) and membrane bioreactors (MBRs) are widely used in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) with bacteria and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) running through the whole system. In this study, metagenomic sequencing was used to compare the bacterial communities and ARGs in the OD and MBR systems, which received the same influent in a WWTP located in Xinjiang, China. The results showed that the removal efficiency of pollutants by the MBR process was better than that by the OD process. The composition and the relative abundance of bacteria in activated sludge were similar at the phylum and genus levels and were not affected by process type. Multidrug, fluoroquinolones and peptides were the main ARG types for the two processes, with macB being the main ARG subtype, and the relative abundance of ARG subtypes in MBR effluent was much higher than that in the OD effluent. The mobile genetic elements (MGEs) in the activated sludge were mainly transposons (tnpA) and insertion sequences (ISs; IS91). These results provide a theoretical basis for process selection and controlling the spread of ARGs.
氧化沟（OD）和膜生物反应器（MBR）广泛应用于污水处理厂（WWTP），其中细菌和抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）贯穿整个系统。本研究采用宏基因组测序技术比较了位于中国新疆的 WWTP 中接受相同进水的 OD 和 MBR 系统中的细菌群落和 ARGs。结果表明，MBR 工艺对污染物的去除效率优于 OD 工艺。在门和属水平上，活性污泥中的细菌组成和相对丰度相似，不受工艺类型的影响。多药、氟喹诺酮类和肽类是两种工艺的主要 ARG 类型，macB 是主要的 ARG 亚型，MBR 出水中 ARG 亚型的相对丰度远高于 OD 出水中的相对丰度。活性污泥中的移动遗传元件（MGEs）主要是转座子（tnpA）和插入序列（IS；IS91）。这些结果为工艺选择和控制 ARGs 的传播提供了理论依据。
