MacArthur C, Knox E G
Department of Social Medicine, Medical School, Edgbaston, Birmingham.
Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1988 Jun;95(6):551-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.1988.tb09481.x.
Of 4341 pregnant women, 3106 were non-smokers and 1235 were smokers at the start of pregnancy. Eighty-five had stopped smoking before 6 weeks gestation, 119 between 6 and 16 weeks, and 56 stopped after 16 weeks. A further 51 stopped temporarily and 924 smoked throughout pregnancy. The mean birthweight of the groups differed. There were also social and biological differences such as might partly explain birthweight variations so comparisons were repeated after allowing for these factors. Standardized mean birthweights were greater for all groups who stopped than for persistent smokers. Those who stopped before 6 weeks and between 6 and 16 weeks gestation had infants 217 and 213 g, respectively, heavier than the persistent smokers and similar to the non-smokers. Babies born to those who stopped after 16 weeks, or temporarily, were intermediate in weight. Appropriate advice is that stopping any time before 16 weeks is best, but stopping after this is still beneficial.
在4341名孕妇中，3106名在怀孕初期不吸烟，1235名吸烟。85名在妊娠6周前戒烟，119名在6至16周之间戒烟，56名在16周后戒烟。另有51名暂时戒烟，924名在整个孕期都吸烟。各群体的平均出生体重有所不同。还存在社会和生物学差异，这些差异可能部分解释了出生体重的变化，因此在考虑这些因素后重复进行了比较。所有戒烟组的标准化平均出生体重均高于持续吸烟者。在妊娠6周前和6至16周之间戒烟的孕妇所生婴儿分别比持续吸烟者重217克和213克，与不吸烟者相似。16周后或暂时戒烟者所生婴儿体重处于中间水平。适当的建议是，在16周前任何时候戒烟都是最好的，但在此之后戒烟仍然有益。
